Socioeconomic inequality shaping the dietary patterns of children and teens

Authors

  • Rita de Cássia Ribeiro SILVA Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Ana Marlúcia Oliveira ASSIS Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Sophia Cornbluth SZARFARC Universidade de São Paulo
  • Elizabete de Jesus PINTO Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Lília Carolina Carneiro da COSTA Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Laura Cunha RODRIGUES London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Abstract

Objective
The present study identified and quantified the influence of socioeconomic factors on dietary patterns.

Methods
This cross-sectional, population-based study investigated the food habits of 1136 children and adolescents of both genders, aged 7 to 14 years, enrolled in public schools of Salvador (BA), Brazil, using the qualitative food frequency questionnaire. Intake patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Quantile regression models were used to study the influence of socioeconomic indicators on dietary patterns.

Results
The sample’s eating patterns were classified into obesogenic or traditional. Quantile regression models adjusted for age and gender showed that, for most percentiles, low maternal education level was significantly negatively associated with consumption of foods included in the obesogenic pattern. Low income was negatively associated with the highest percentiles (pu95). The data showed that socioeconomic indicators do not influence the consumption of foods included in the traditional pattern.

Conclusion
Socioeconomic factors promote adherence to obesogenic eating patterns. These results indicate that public authorities need to identify the Western consumption pattern, commonly observed in studies that assess the current consumption patterns of the Brazilian population, especially of children and adolescents, characterized by foods that promote non-communicable chronic diseases.

References

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. POF 2008-2009: anthropometry and nutritional status of children, adolescents and adults in Brazil [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics; 2010 [cited 2011 Mar 5]. Available from <http://www.ibge.gov.br>.

Holt R. The Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization expert report on diet, nutrition and prevention of chronic diseases. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003; 5(5):354-8.

Carmo MB, Toral N, Silva MV, Slater B. Consumo de doces, refrigerantes e bebidas com adição de açúcar entre adolescentes da rede pública de ensino de Piracicaba, São Paulo. Rev Bra Epidemiol. 2006; 9(1):121-30.

Lenz A, Olinto MTA, Dias-da-Costa JS, Alves AL, Balbinotti M, Pattussi MP, et al. Socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dietary patterns of women living in Southern Brazil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2009; 25(6):1297-306.

Neutzling MB, Araújo CLP, Vieira MFA, Hallal PC, Menezes AM. Frequencia de consumo de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fibras entre adolescentes. Rev Saúde Pública. 2007; 41(3):336-42.

Xie B, Gilliland FD, Li YF, Rockett HR. Effects of ethnicity, family income, and education on dietary intake among adolescents. Prev Med. 2003; 36(1): 30-40.

Aranceta J, Perez-Rodrigo C, Ribas L, Serra-Majem L. Sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of food patterns in Spanish children and adolescents: the enKid study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57(Suppl 1): S40-4.

Levy RB, Castro IRR, Cardoso LD, Tavares LF, Sardinha LMV, Gomes FD, et al. Food consumption and eating behavior among brazilian adolescents: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), 2009. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2010; 15 (Suppl 2):3085-97.

Borges CQ, Silva RCR, Assis AMO, Pinto EJ, Fiaccone RL, Pinheiro SMC. Fatores associados à anemia em crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas de Salvador (BA), Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2009; 25(4):877-88.

Slater B, Philippi ST, Fisberg RM, Latorre MR. Validation of a semi-quantitative adolescent food frequency questionnaire applied at a public school in São Paulo, Brazil. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57(5): 629-35.

Voci SM, Slater B, Silva MV, Marchioni DM, Latorre MD. Estudo de calibração do Questionário de Frequência Alimentar para Adolescentes (QFAA). Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2011;16(4):2335-43.

Neumann AICP, Martins IS, Marcopito LF, Araújo EAC. Padrões alimentares associados a fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares entre residentes de um município brasileiro. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2007; 22(5):329-39.

Hearty AP, Gibney MJ. Comparison of cluster and principal component analysis techniques to derive dietary patterns in Irish adults. Br J Nutr. 2009; 101(4):598-608.

Koenker R, Bassett G. Regression quantiles. Econometrica.1978; 46:33-50.

Silva ARV, Damasceno MMC, Marinho NBP, Almeida LS, Araújo MFM, Almeida PC, et al. Hábitos alimentares de adolescentes de escolas públicas de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Rev Bras Enferm. 2009; 62:18-24.

Leal GV, Philippi ST, Matsudo SM, Toassa EC. Consumo alimentar e padrão de refeições de adolescentes, São Paulo, Brasil. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2010; 13(3):457-67.

Farias Júnior JC, Nahas MV, Barros MVG, Loch MR, Oliveira ESA, De Bem MFL, et al. Comportamento de risco à saúde em adolescentes no sul do Brasil: prevalência e fatores associados. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2009; 25(4):344-52.

Mikkila V, Rasanen L, Raitakari OT, Pietinen P, Viikari J. Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns Study. Br J Nutr. 2005; 93(6):923-31.

Pinto SL, Silva RC, Priore SE, Assis AM, Pinto EJ. Prevalência de pré-hipertensão e de hipertensão arterial e avaliação de fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2011; 27(6):1065-75.

Nunes MMA, Figueiroa JN, Alves JGB. Excesso de peso, atividade física e hábitos alimentares entre adolescentes de diferentes classes econômicas em Campina Grande (PB). Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2007; 53(2):130-4.

Sarlio-Lahteenkorva S, Lahelma E. The association of body mass index with social and economic disadvantage in women and men. Int J Epidemiol. 1999; 28(3):445-9.

Mendonça CP, Anjos LA. Aspectos das práticas alimentares e da atividade física como determinantes do crescimento do sobrepeso/obesidade no Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2004; 20:698-709.

Levy-Costa RB, Sichieri R, Pontes NS, Monteiro CA. Disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos no Brasil: distribuição e evolução (1974-2003). Rev Saúde Pública. 2005; 39(4):530-40.

Published

2023-08-22

How to Cite

Ribeiro SILVA, R. de C., Marlúcia Oliveira ASSIS, A. ., Cornbluth SZARFARC, S. ., PINTO, E. de J. ., Carneiro da COSTA, L. C. ., & Cunha RODRIGUES, L. . (2023). Socioeconomic inequality shaping the dietary patterns of children and teens. Brazilian Journal of Nutrition, 25(4). Retrieved from https://periodicos.puc-campinas.edu.br/nutricao/article/view/9278

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE