Avaliação nutricional e envelhecimento
Resumo
A avaliação do estado nutricional do idoso é considerada complexa em razão da influência de uma série de fatores, os quais necessitam ser investigados, detalhadamente, visando diagnóstico nutricional acurado, que possibilite intervenção nutricional adequada. Alterações fisiológicas, processos patológicos crônicos e situações individuais que ocorrem com o envelhecimento, geralmente interferem no estado nutricional do indivíduo. Portanto impõe-se uma associação de indicadores nutricionais e a utilização de padrões de referência os mais específicos possíveis para realizar-se tal avaliação. Com o objetivo de contribuir ao estudo nutricional do indivíduo idoso, este trabalho discute os principais aspectos relacionados à avaliação do estado nutricional, com ênfase nos indicadores e critérios de avaliação mais apropriados para esse grupo etário, considerando-se as modificações inerentes ao processo de envelhecimento.
Referências
Ramos LR, Veras RP, Kalache A. Envelhecimento populacional: uma realidade brasileira. Rev Saude Publica 1987; 21:211-24.
Gariballa SE, Sinclair AJ. Nutrition, aging and ill health. Br J Nutr 1998; 80:7-23.
Vellas BJ, Alberede JL, Garry PJ. Diseases and aging: Patterns of morbidity with age; relationship between aging and age-associated diseases. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 55:1225S-30S.
Najas MS, Sachs A. Avaliação nutricional do idoso. In: Papaléo Netto, M. Gerontologia. São Paulo: Atheneu; 1996. p.242-7.
Perissinotto E, Pisent C, Sergi G, Grigoletto F, Enzi G. Anthropometric measurements in the elderly: Age and gender differences. Br J Nutr 2002; 87:177-86.
Sullivan DH, Sun S, Walls RC. Protein-energy undernutrition among elderly hospitalized patients: A prospective study. JAMA 1999; 281:2013-9.
Kamimura MA, Baxmann A, Sampaio LR, Cuppari L. Avaliação nutricional. In: Cuppari L. Nutrição: nutrição clínica no adulto. São Paulo: Manole; 2002. p.71-109.
Coelho AC, Fausto MA. Avaliação pelo nutricionista. In: Maciel A. Avaliação multidisciplinar do paciente geriátrico. Rio de Janeiro: Revinter; 2002. p.121-56.
Goodman-Gruen D, Barret-Connor E. Sex differences in measures of body fat and body fat distribution in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 143(9):898-906.
Chumlea WC, Roche AF, Steinbaugh ML. Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985; 33:116-20.
Chumlea WC, Guo S, Roche AF, Steinbaugh ML. Prediction of body weight for the nonambulatory elderly from anthropometry. J Am Diet Assoc 1988; 88:564-8.
Going S, Williams D, Lohman T. Aging and body composition: Biological changes and methodological issues. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1995; 23:411-58.
Dey DK, Rothenberg E, Sundh V, Bosaeus I, Steen B. Height and body weight in the elderly. I. A 25 year longitudinal study of a population aged 70 to 95 years. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999; 53:905-14.
Steen B. Body composition and aging. Nutr Rev 1988; 46:45-51.
Kuczmarski MF, Kuczarisk RJ, Najjar M. Descriptive anthropometric reference data for older Americans. J Am Diet Assoc 2000; 100:59-66.
World Health Organization. Physical Status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry. Geneva; 1995. (WHO Technical Report Series, 854).
Frisancho AR. New norms of upper limb fat and muscle areas for assessment of nutritional status. Am J Clin Nutr 1981; 34:2540-45.
Enzi G, Gasparo M, Biondetti PR, Fiore D, Semisa M, Zurlo F. Subcutaneous and visceral fat distribution according to sex, age and overweight, evaluated by computed tomography. Am J Clin Nutr 1986; 44:739-46.
Pouliot M-C, Després J-P, Lemieux S, Moorjani S, Bouchard C, Tremblay A, et al. Waist circunference and abdominal sagittal diameter: Best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. Am J Cardiol 1994; 73(1):460-8.
Han TS, Seidell JC, Curral JEP, Morrison CE, Deurenberg P, Lean MEJ. The influences of height and age on waist circunference as an index of adiposity in adults. Int J Obes 1997; 21:83-9.
DiPietro L, Katz LD, Nadel ER. Excess abdominal adiposity remains correlated with altered lipid concentrations in healthy older women. Int J Obes Related Metabol Disord 1999; 432-6.
Han TS, van Leer EM, Seidell JC, Lean MEJ. Waist circunference action levels in the identification of cardiovascular risk factors: Prevalence study in a random sample. BMJ 1995; 311:1401-5.
Seidell JC, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Lisser L, Valdez R. Report from a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention workshop on use of adult anthropometry for public health and primary health care. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 73:123-6.
World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva; 1997.
Seidell JC, Oosterlee A, Deurenberg P, Hautvast JAGJ, Ruijs JHJ. Abdominal fat depots measured with computed tomography: effects of degree of obesity, sex, and age. Eur J Clin Nutr 1988; 42:805-15.
Bray GA. Classification and evaluation of the obesities. Med Clin North Am 1989; 73:161-84.
Kahn HS, Austin H, Williamson DF, Arensberg D. Simple anthropometric indices associated with ischemic heart disease. J Clin Epidemiol 1996; 49(9):1017-24.
Frisancho AR. New standards of weight and body composition by frame size and height for assessment of nutritional status of adults and the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 1984; 40:808-19.
Chumlea WC, Roche AF, Mukherjee D. Nutritional assessment of the elderly through anthropometry. Columbus, Ohio: Ross Laboratories; 1987.
Morigutti JC, Morigutti EKU, Ferrioli E, et al. Involuntary weight loss in elderly individuals: Assessment and treatment. Med J 2001; 119(2): 72-7.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Lílian Ramos SAMPAIO
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
