Obesidade e síndrome metabólica na infância e adolescência
Palavras-chave:
obesidade, criança, adolescente, resistência à insulina, hiperlipidemia, hipertensão, síndrome metabólicaResumo
Nas últimas décadas a prevalência da obesidade vem apresentando um aumento em vários países ao redor do mundo. Este fato é preocupante, já que o excesso de gordura corporal, principalmente a abdominal, está diretamente relacionado com alterações do perfil lipídico, com o aumento da pressão arterial e a hiperinsulinemia, considerados fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas, como o diabetes melito tipo 2 e as doenças cardiovasculares. Níveis elevados de leptina e de ácido úrico e a alteração dos fatores fibrinolíticos também têm sido observados em indivíduos obesos. O conjunto destas alterações tem sido descrito como “síndrome metabólica” ou “síndrome da resistência à insulina”, já que a hiperinsulinemia tem um papel importante no desenvolvimento dos outros componentes da síndrome metabólica. Entretanto, questiona-se se estas alterações já estão presentes em crianças e adolescentes obesos. Este artigo descreve a fisiopatologia dos componentes da síndrome metabólica e esclarece como este processo ocorre na faixa etária mais jovem.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Cecília Lacroix de OLIVEIRA, Marco Túlio de MELLO, Isa de Pádua CINTRA, Mauro FISBERG
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
