Efeito do índice glicêmico na saciedade e no peso corporal
Palavras-chave:
índice glicêmico, ingestão de alimentos, peso corporal, saciedadeResumo
Apesar de vários estudos, o significado prático do índice glicêmico dos alimentos ainda é bastante discutível. O objetivo deste artigo de revisão foi avaliar o efeito do índice glicêmico na ingestão alimentar e no peso corporal, baseado na análise de estudos publicados sobre este tópico. De acordo com alguns autores, a ingestão de dietas de alto índice glicêmico tende a estimular o apetite e promover o balanço energético positivo. O aumento do apetite, associado à ingestão de tais dietas, é atribuído à elevação aguda da glicemia pós-prandial, seguida por um aumento marcante da secreção insulínica e por uma subseqüente hipoglicemia de rebote e por baixos níveis de ácidos graxos no sangue, indicando que o organismo está tendo dificuldades para acessar suas reservas metabólicas. Em geral, estudos de curta duração têm demonstrado que a ingestão de alimentos de baixo índice glicêmico resulta em maior saciedade e menor ingestão alimentar do que a de alimentos de alto índice glicêmico. No entanto, pouco se sabe a respeito da importância do índice glicêmico no balanço energético e no controle de peso corporal, associado à ingestão crônica de alimentos de alto ou baixo índice glicêmico. A condução de estudos bem delineados e de maior tempo de duração se faz necessária, para avaliar a eficácia do índice glicêmico no tratamento e na prevenção da obesidade em humanos.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Rita de Cássia Gonçalves ALFENAS, Enauê PAIVA
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