Body composition and metabolic profile in adults with vitamin D deficiency
Palabras clave:
Body composition, Obsesity, Vitamin DResumen
Objective
To investigate the body composition and metabolic profile in individuals in terms of different concentrations of
serum vitamin D, ranging from deficiency to sufficiency.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 106 adults of both genders, who were divided into three groups according to vitamin D levels: deficiency: <20ng/mL; insufficiency: 20-29.9ng/mL; and sufficiency: 30-100ng/mL. Anthropometric evaluation included weight, height, and body circumferences. Fat mass and lean mass were assessed using the Tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method. Clinical and biochemical evaluations were also carried out. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin index.
Results
The analysis showed that the main alterations in individuals in the vitamin D deficiency group were higher triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein – cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, body fat percentage, lean mass percentage, waist circumference, and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin than those of the vitamin D sufficient group (p<0.05).
Conclusion
It was found that vitamin D deficiency causes important body composition and metabolic changes, which may lead to diseases such as diabetes Mellitus and metabolic syndrome.
Citas
Holick MF. Vitamin D: A D-Lightful health perspective. Nutr Rev. 2008;66(10Suppl.2): S182-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00104.x
Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Eisman JA, et al. IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Nutrition Working Group. Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporos Int. 2009;20(11):1807-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6
Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988;67(2):373-8. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem67-2-373
Hickey L, Gordon CM. Vitamin D deficiency: New perspectives on an old disease. Curr Apin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004;11(1):18-25. https://doi.org/10.1097/00060793-200402000-00006
Didier FBCW, Brum LFS, Aerts DRGC. Hábitos de exposição ao sol e uso de fotoproteção entre estudantes universitários de Teresina, Piauí. Epidemiol Serv Saúde. 2014;23(3):487-96. https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742014000300011
Ramagopalan SV, Heger A, Berlanga AJ, Maugeri NJ, Lincoln MR, Burrell A, et al. A chIP-seq defined genome- wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: Associations with disease and evolution. Genome Res. 2010;20(10):1352-60. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.107920.110
Goldner WS, Stoner JA, Thompson J, Taylor K, Larson L, Erickson J, et al. Prevalence of vitamina D insufficiency and deficiency in morbidly obese patients: A comparison with non-obese controls. Obes Surg. 2008;18(2):145-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-007-9315-8
Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Navia B, Lopez-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM. Vitamina D in overweight/obese women and its relationship with dietetic and anthropometric variables. Obesity. 2009;17(4):778-82. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby. 2008.649
Tsur A, Feldman BS, Feldhammer I, Hoshen MB, Leibowitz G, Balicer RD. Decreased serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol are associated with increased risk of progression to impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(5):1361-7. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1050
Lim S, Kim MJ, Choi SH, Shin CS, Park KS, Jang HC, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency with incidence of type 2 diabetes in high-risk Asian subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97(3):524-30. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.048496
Ceglia L, Nelson J, Ware J, Alysandratos KD, Bray GA, Garganta C, et al. Association between body weight and composition and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Eur J Nutr. 2017;56(1):161-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1066-z
Han SS, Kim M, Lee SM, Lee JP, Kim S, Joo KW, et al. Association between body fat and vitamin D status in Korean adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2014;23(1):65-75. https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn. 2014.23.1.10.13. McGill A, Stewart JM, Lithander FE, Strik CM, Poppitt SD. Relationships of low serum vitamin D3 with anthropometry and markers of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes in overweight and obesity. Nutr J. 2008;7(28):4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-7-4
Yoon H, Kim GS, Kim SG, Moon AE. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and increase of metabolic syndrome score and serum vitamin D levels in Korean adults: 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2015;57(1):82-7. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.15-31
Khader YS, Batieha A, Jaddou H, Batieha Z, El-Khateeb M, Ajlouni K. Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and metabolic syndrome among Jordanian adults. Nutr Res Pract. 2011;5:132-9. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2011.5.2.132
Hjelmesaeth J, Hofsø D, Aasheim ET, Jenssen T, Moan J, Hager H, et al. Parathyroid hormone, but not vitamin D, is associated with the metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women and men: A cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2009;8(3):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-8-7
Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):1911-30. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-0385
Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertensão, Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia. VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95(1Supl.1):1-51.
World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Genebra: WHO; 1997. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932003245508
Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics Pub; 1988.
Van Der Kooy KVD, Seidell JC. Techniques for the measurement of visceral fat: A practical guide. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993;17(4):187-96.
Ford ES, Kohl III HW, Mokdad AH, Ajani UA. Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults. Obes Res. 2005;13(3):608-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2005.65
Hanwell HE, Vieth R, Cole DE, Scillitani A, Modoni S, Frusciante V, et al. Sun exposure questionnaire predicts circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Caucasian hospital workers in southern Italy. Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;121(1-2):334-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.023
Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and B-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00280883
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(Suppl.1):S67-74. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-S062
Geloneze B, Vasques AC, Stabe CF, Pareja JC, Rosado LE, Queiroz EC, et al. HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR indexes in identifying insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome: Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study (BRAMS). Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2009;53:281-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302009000200020
Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group: The metabolic syndrome: A new worldwide definition. Lancet. 2005;366(9491):1059-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8
Bachali S, Dasu K, Ramalingam K, Naidu JN. Vitamin D Deficiency and Insulin Resistance in Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Ind J Clin Biochem. 2013;28(1):74-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-012-0239-2
Bilge U, Ünalacak M, Ünlüoğlu İ, İpek M, Çeler Ö, Akalin A. Relationship between 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D levels and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance values in obese subjects. Niger J Clin Pract. 2015;18(3):377-80. https://doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.151757
Dutta D, Maisnam I, Shrivastava A, Sinha A, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay P, et al. Serum vitamin-D predicts insulin resistance in individuals with prediabetes. Indian J Med Res. 2013;138(6):853-60.
Ishida H, Norman AW. Demonstration of a high affinity receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat pancreas. Moll Cell Endocrinol. 1988;60(2-3):109-17. http://doi.org/10.1016/0303-7207(88)90169-4
Bland R, Markovic D, Hills CE, Hughes SV, Chan SL, Squires PE, et al. Expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase in pancreatic islets. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004;89-90(1-5):121-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.03.115
Maestro B, Campion J, Davila N, Calle C. Stimulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of insulin receptor expression and insulin responsiveness for glucose transport in U-937 human promonocytic cells. Endocr J. 2000;47:383-91. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.47.383
Maestro B, Molero S, Bajo S, Dávila N, Calle C. Transcriptional activation of the human insulin receptor gene by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Cell Biochem Funct. 2002;20(3):227-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.951
Kositsawat J, Freeman VL, Gerber BS, Geraci S. Association of A1C levels with vitamin D status in U.S. adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(6):1236-8. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-2150
Manickam B, Neagu V, Kukreja S, Barengolts E. Relationship between glycated hemoglobin and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in African American and Caucasian American men. Endocr Pract. 2013;19(1):73-80. https://doi.org/10.4158/EP12168.OR
Kremer R, Campbell PP, Reinhardt T, Gilsanz V. Vitamin D status and its relationship to body fat, final height, and peak bone mass in young women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(1):67-73. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1575
Caron-Jobin M, Morisset A, Tremblay A, Huot C, Légaré D, Tchernof A. Elevated serum 25(OH)D concentrations, vitamin D, and calcium intakes are associated with reduced adipocyte size in women. Obesity. 2011;19(7):1335-41. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.90
Shivaprakash JM, Hyppönen E, Saarnio J, Järvelin M, Herzig K. Vitamin D and adipose tissue: More than storage. Front Physiol. 2014;5(24):228. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00228
Pereira-Santos M, Costa PRF, Assis AMO, Santos CAST, Santos DB. Obesity and vitamin D deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2015;16(4):341-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12239
Shantavasinkul PC, Phanachet P, Puchaiwattananon O, Chailurkit LO, Lepananon T, Chanprasertyotin S, et al. Vitamin D status is a determinant of skeletal muscle mass in obesity according to body fat percentage. Nutrition. 2015;31(6):801-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.11.011
Fornari R, Francomano D, Greco EA, Marocco C, Lubrano C, Wannenes F, et al. Lean mass in obese adult subjects correlates with higher levels of vitamin D, insulin sensitivity and lower inflammation. J Endocrinol Invest. 2015;38(3):367-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0189z
Gunton JE, Girgis MC, Baldock AP, Lips P. Bone muscle interactions and vitamin D. Bone. 2015;80:89-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2015.02.029
Godala M, Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz I, Moczulski D, Gaszyńska E, Szatko F, Tokarski S, et al. Assessment of 25(OH)D vitamin concentration in plasma of residents of Lodz with metabolic syndrome in pre- and postmenopausal period. Menopause Rev. 2014;13(5):293-7. https://doi.org/10.5114/pm.2014.46473
Ford ES, Ajani UA, McGuire LC, Liu S. Concentration of serum vitamin D and the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(5):1228-30. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.5.1228
Martini LA, Verly E Jr, Marchioni DM, Fisberg RM. Prevalence and correlates of calcium and vitamin D status adequacy in adolescents, adults, and elderly from the Health Survey – São Paulo. Nutrition. 2013;29(6):845-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut. 2012.12.009
Peters BSE, Santos LC, Fisberg M, Wood RJ, Martini LA. Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian adolescentes. Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(1):15-21. https://doi.org/10.1159/000199454
Saraiva GL, Lazaretti-Castro M, Cendoroglo MS, Araújo LM, Vieira JG, Kunii I, et al. Influence of ultraviolet radiation on the production of 25 hydroxyvitamin D in the elderly population in the city of São Paulo (23º34’S), Brazil. Osteop Int. 2005;16(12):1649-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-005-1895-3
Santos BR, Mascarenhas LPG, Satler F, Boguszewski MCS, Spritzer PM. Vitamin D deficiency in girls from South Brazil: A cross-sectional study on prevalence and association with vitamin D receptor gene variants. Pediatrics. 2012;12:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-12-62
Ortlepp JR, Lauscher J, Hoffmann R, Hanrath P, Joost HG. The vitamin D receptor gene variant is associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes Mellitus and coronary artery disease. Diabet Med. 2001;18(10):842-5. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00585.x
Ogunkolade BW, Boucher BJ, Prahl JM, Bustin SA, Burrin JM, Noonan K, et al. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA and VDR protein levels in relation to vitamin D status, insulin secretory capacity, and VDR genotype in Bangladeshi Asians. Diabetes. 2002;51(7):2294-300. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2294
Schuch NJ, Garcia VC, Vívolo SRGF, Martini LA. Relationship between Vitamin D Receptor gene polymorphisms and the components of metabolic syndrome. Nutr J. 2013;12:96. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-12-96
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Liane Murari ROCHA, Daniela Cristina da Silva BALDAN, Aglécio Luiz SOUZA, Elinton Adami CHAIM, Elizabeth João PAVIN, Sarah Monte ALEGRE
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
