Factors associated with the iron nutritional status of Brazilian children aged 4 to 7 years
Palabras clave:
Anemia, Child, Iron deficiency, Iron-deficiency anemiaResumen
Objective
To evaluate factors associated with the iron nutritional status of Brazilian children aged 4 to 7 years in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais state, Brazil.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of 357 children aged 4-7 years who had been followed-up up for during their first six months of life by the Breastfeeding Support Program. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, feeding practices, nutritional status (height-for-age and body mass index-for-age), and serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentrations were evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to evaluate factors independently associated with iron nutritional status (hemoglobin and ferritin), considering α=0.05 as the significance level.
Results
The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was (34) 9.52% and (11) 11.00%, respectively. The factors independently associated with anemia were younger child age, low maternal education, low height-for-age Z-scores, and children of single and separated mothers or widows. Iron deficiency was associated with child younger age and consumption of chocolates and chocolate flavored milk.
Conclusion
The results obtained allow us to conclude that anemia among children 4-7 years of age is a public health problem in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Therefore, there is a need for intervention measures targeting children in this age group. These measures can be implemented through food and nutritional education by encouraging the consumption of iron-rich foods.
Citas
World Health Organization. Iron deficiency anaemia: Assessment, prevention, and control: A guide for program managers. Genebra: WHO; 2001.
World Health Organization. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Vitamin and mineral nutrition information system. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
World Health Organization. Growth reference 5-19 years. Genebra: WHO; 2007 [cited 2015 Oct 10]. Available from: http://who.org.int/growthref/who2007
Zanin FHC, Correia DN, Lamounier JA, Carvalho MG, Fausto MA. Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Cohort of Children Aged 6-71 Months Livingin the Northeast of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Plos One. 2015;10(10):704-10 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139555
Janus J, Moerschel SK. Evaluation of anemia in children. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(12):1462-71.
Ministério da Saúde (Brasil). Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher: relatório final. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2008 [acesso 2009 maio 4]. Disponível em: www.saude.gov.br/pnds2006
Dias ACP, Szarfarc SC. Intervenção nutricional alternativa no controle da anemia em crianças e mães. Rev Espaço Saúde. 2013;14(1):7-13.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas. Cidades: censo 2010. Brasília: IBGE; 2010.
World Health Organization. Worldwide prevalence of anemia 1993-2005: WHO Global Data Base on Anemia. Geneva: WHO; 2008.
Soh P, Ferguson EL, Mckenzie JE, Homs MY, Gibson RS. Iron deficiency and risk factors for lower iron stores in 6-24 month-old New-Zealandes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58(1):71-9.
World Health Organization. WHO AnthroPlus for personal computers. Manual: Software for assessing growth of the world’s children and adolescents. Geneva: WHO; 2009.
Ministério da Saúde (Brasil). Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Classificação do estado nutricional. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2009.
Pacheco JP, Schedler FLS, Hermes L, Molz P, Franke SIR. Prevalência de anemia e fatores associados em crianças de 6 a 24 meses matriculadas na rede pública de Venâncio Aires. Rev Jovens Pesquisadores. 2013;3(1):179-90.
Male C, Persson LA, Freeman V, Guerra A, Vat Hoff MA. Prevalence of iron deficiency in 12 moold infants from 11 European areas and influence of dietary factors on iron status. Acta Pediatr. 2001;90(2):492-8.
Leal LP, Batista Filho ML, Osório MM. Temporal trends and anaemia associated factors in 6- to 59-month-old children in Northeast Brazil. Public Health Nutr. 2012;15(9):1645-52.
Netto MP, Rocha DS, Franceschini SCC, Lamounier JA. Fatores associados à anemia em lactentes nascidos a termo e sem baixo peso. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2011;57(5):550-8.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas. Pesquisa de orçamentos familiares 2008-2009: antropometria e estado nutricional de crianças, adolescentes e adultos no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2010.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Anemia ferropriva em lactentes: revisão com foco em prevenção. São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria; 2012.
Netto MP, Priore SE, Sant’Ana HMP, Peluzio MCG, Sabarense CM, Silva DG, et al. Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia e deficiência de ferro em crianças de 18 a 24 meses. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2006;56(3):229-36.
Carvajal Z, Leets I, Puche R, Jiminez ML, Casal MN, Patino E. A Program of nutritional education in schools reduced the prevalence of iron deficiency in students. Clin Study. 2011;16(3):203-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/284050
Goswmai S, Das K. Socio-economic and demographic determinants of childhood anemia. J Pediatr. 2015;91(5):417-77.
Correa MM, Arpini LSB, Ferreira DM. Estado nutricional e prevalência de anemia em crianças menores de 36 meses. Rev Bras Promo Saúde. 2014;27(1):109-16.
Leal LP, Osório MM. Fatores associados à ocorrência de anemia em crianças menores de seis anos: uma revisão sistemática dos estudos populacionais. Rev Bras Saúde Matern Infant. 2010;10(4):417-39.
Oliveira TSC, Lamounier JA, Alves CRL, Capanema FD, Rocha DS, Silva MC. Anemia entre pré-escolares: um problema de saúde pública em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2014;19(1):59-66.
Rocha DS, Capanema FD, Netto MP, Franceschini SCC, Lamounier JA. Prevalência e fatores determinantes da anemia em crianças assistidas em creches de Belo Horizonte – MG. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2012;15(3):675-84.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Hercílio Paulino ANDRÉ, Sarah Aparecida VIEIRA, Sylvia do Carmo Castro FRANCESCHINI, Andréia Queiroz RIBEIRO, Helen Hermana Miranda HERMSDORFF, Silvia Eloiza PRIORE
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
