Nutritional strategy for exercising in high altitudes
Keywords:
altitude, exercise, sports nutrition, food planningAbstract
When athletes are subject to high altitudes, they are exposed to a lower barometric pressure and the physiological effects that accompany these atmospheric pressure changes can have a strong influence on their bodies and performance. Hypoxia is thought to be responsible for triggering a cascade of signaling events that eventually leads to altitude acclimatization. Acute exposure to hypoxia causes sleepiness, mental and muscle fatigue and prostration. Headache, nausea and anorexia are some of the symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness which may occur in the first days of high altitude sojourn. An adequate nutritional strategy is essential to protect the body from any additional stress. The aim of this paper was to present the main effects of altitude on the human body and physical performance; to discuss and/or suggest nutritional recommendations for this
situation; and, if possible, to present practical nutritional guidelines for athletes in high altitudes. Some of the
main conclusions found were: energy intake must be increased; it is essential to monitor fluid intake and to
choose palatable energy and nutrient-dense foods. It is recommended to work with a sports dietitian in
advance, so that an individual nutrition plan can be made and put into practice even before being exposed to
high altitudes.
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