Processed and ultra-processed foods consumption in adults and its relationship with quality of life and quality of sleep
Keywords:
Hours of sleep, Processed foods, Quality of life, Ultra-processed foodsAbstract
Objective
To evaluate the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods in Paraguayan adults and its relationship with quality of life and sleep quality.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on Paraguayan adults in May 2022. An online survey was applied in which sociodemographic data, frequency of food consumption using the NOVA classification and Pan American Health Organization criteria, quality of life evaluated by the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions and report of hours of sleep were collected.
Results
A total of 273 Paraguayan adults were included in the study, of which 71.1% were female, 51.6% lived in the capital, 53.1% were single, 66% had a university educational level and the average age was 36.48±13.2. Regarding the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods, the critical nutrients most consumed daily were free sugars by 34.0%, and fats by 23.4% of the population. The global quality of life index was low (0,58±0,05) and 69.0% reported insufficient hours of sleep. Statistically significant relationships were found between the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods with quality of life and quality of sleep (p<0.05 for both).
Conclusion
The most consumed critical nutrients in the Paraguayan adult population are free sugars and fats, finding a significant relationship between the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods with quality of life and quality of sleep.
References
Lawrence MA, Bake, PI. Ultra-processed food and adverse health outcomes. BMJ. 2019;365:l2289. https://doi. org/10.1136/bmj.l2289
Costa CS, Del-Ponte B, Assunção MCF, Santos IS. Consumption of ultra-processed foods and body fat during childhood and adolescence: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr. 2018;21:148-59. https://doi.org/10.1017/ s1368980017001331
Fardet A, Rock E. Ultra-processed foods: a new holistic paradigm? Trends Food Sci Technol. 2019;93:174-84. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.016
Poti JM, Braga B, Qin B. Ultra-processed food intake and obesity: What really matters for health-processing or nutrient content? Curr Obes Rep. 2017;6:420-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-017-0285-4
Silva Meneguelli T, Viana Hinkelmann J, Hermsdor HHM, Zulet MÁ, Martínez JA, Bressan J. Food consumption by degree of processing and cardiometabolic risk: a systematic review. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2020;1-15. https://doi.org/1 0.1080/09637486.2020.1725961
Askari M, Heshmati J, Shahinfar H, Tripathi N, Daneshzad E. Ultra-processed food and the risk of overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Obes. 2020;44(10):2080-91. https:// doi.org/10.1038/s41366-020-00650-z
Pagliai G, Dinu M, Madarena MP, Bonaccio M, Iacoviello L, Sofi F. Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutrir. 2021;125(3):308-18. https://doi.org/10.1017/ s0007114520002688
Monteiro CA, Mondini L, Costa R. Secular changes in dietary patterns in the metropolitan areas of Brazil (1988–1996). Rev Saude Publica. 2000;34:251-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102000000300007.
Levy-Costa RB, Sichieri R, Pontes Ndos S, Monteiro CA. Disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos no Brasil: distribuição e evolução (1974-2003). Rev Saude Publica. 2005;39(4):530-40. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102005000400003
Monteiro CA. Nutrition and health. The issue is not food, nor nutrients, so much as processing. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(5):729-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005291
Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Moubarac JC, Levy RB, Louzada MLC, Jaime PC. The UN Decade of Nutrition, the NOVA food classification and the trouble with ultra-processing. Public Health Nutr. 2018;21:5-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/ s1368980017000234
Elizabeth L, Machado P, Zinöcker M, Baker P, Lawrence M. Ultra-Processed Foods and Health Outcomes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):1955. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fnu12071955
Baker P, Machado P, Santos T, Sievert K, Backholer K, Hadjikakou M, et al. Ultra-processed foods and the nutrition transition: global, regional and national trends, food systems transformations and political economy drivers. Obes Rev. 2020;21(12):e13126. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13126
Meza-Miranda E, Nuñez BE, Maldonado O. Evaluación de la composición nutricional de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados de acuerdo al perfil de alimentos de la organización panamericana de la salud, con énfasis en nutrientes críticos. Mem Inst Investig Cienc Salud. 2018;16(1):54-63. https://doi.org/10.18004/Mem.iics/1812- 9528/2018.016(01)54-063
Meza-Miranda ER, Nuñez Martinez BE. Nutrientes críticos de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados destinados a niños y su adecuación al perfil de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet. 2021;25(2):128-https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1085.
Meza-Miranda ER, Núñez Martínez BE, Beraud-Rolón MI, Espínola de los Santos MJ. Nutrientes críticos de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados destinados a celíacos y su adecuación al perfil de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Rev Esp Nutr Comunitaria. 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 8];28(2):1-11. Available from: https://www.renc.es/ imagenes/auxiliar/files/RENC-D-210038._ORIGINAL.pdf
Mujica-Mota RE, Roberts M, Abel G, Elliott M, Lyratzopoulos G, Roland M, et al. Common patterns of morbidity and multi-morbidity and their impact on health-related quality of life: Evidence from a national survey. Qual Life Res. 2015;24:909-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-014-0820-7
Khalesi S, Irwin C, Sun J. Dietary patterns, nutrition knowledge, lifestyle, and health-related quality of life: associations with anti-hypertension medication adherence in a sample of Australian adults. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 2017;24:453-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-017-0229-9
Rico-Campà A, Martínez-González MA, Alvarez-Alvarez I, Mendonça RD, Fuente-Arrillaga C, Gómez-Donoso C, et al. Association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and all-cause mortality: SUN prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2019;365:l1949. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1949
Fresán U, Gea A, Bes-Rastrollo M, Ruiz-Canela M, Martínez-Gonzalez MA. Substitution models of water for other beverages, and the incidence of obesity and weight gain in the SUN cohort. Nutrients. 2016;8:688. https://doi. org/10.3390/nu8110688
Baker FC, De Zambotti M, Colrain IM, Bei B. Sleep problems during the menopausal transition: Prevalence, impact, and management challenges. Nat Sci Sleep. 2018;10:73-95. https://doi.org/10.2147/nss.s125807
Lampio L, Polo-Kantola P, Himanen SL. Sleep during menopausal transition: a 6-year follow-up. Sleep. 2017;40:7.
St-Onge M-P, Mikic A, Pietrolungo CE. Effects of diet on sleep quality. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(5):938-49. https://doi. org/10.3945%2Fan.116.012336
Mondin TC, Stuart AL, Williams LJ, Jacka FN, Pasco JA, Ruusunen A. Diet quality, dietary patterns and short sleep duration: a cross-sectional populationbased study. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(2):641-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394- 018-1655-8
Castro-DiehlC, Wood AC, Redline S. Mediterranean diet pattern and sleep duration and insomnia symptoms in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Sleep. 2018;41(11):zsy158. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy158
Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Levy RB, Moubarac JC, Louzada ML, Rauber F, et al. Ultra-processed foods: what they are and how to identify them. Public Health Nutr. 2019;22(5):936-41. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018003762
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Modelo de perfil de nutrientes. Washington: Organización; 2016 [cited 2022 Sep 19]. Available from: https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/18622/9789275318737_spa.pdf
Herdman M, Badia X, Berra S. El EuroQol-5D: una alternativa sencilla para la medición de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en atención primaria. Aten Primaria. 2001;28(6):425-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0212- 6567(01)70406-4
Meza-Miranda ER, Giménez J. Level of physical activity and quality of life associated with health in Paraguay adults. EQOL Journal. 2021;13(2):5-11. https://doi.org/10.31382/eqol.211201
Vázquez C, Escalante A, Huerta J, Villarreal ME. Efectos de la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y su asociación con los indicadores del estado nutricional de una población económicamente activa en México. Rev Chil Nutr. 2021;48(6):852-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182021000600852
Vargas-Meza J, Cervantes-Armenta MA, Campos-Nonato I, Nieto C, Marrón-Ponce JA, Barquera S, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake: data from the Mexican national health and nutrition survey 2016. Nutrients. 2022;14(2):281. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14020281.
Buzzo ML, Carvalho MFH, Arakaki EEK, Matsuzaki R, Granato D, Kira CS. Elevados teores de sodio em alimentos industrializados consumidos pela população brasileira. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2014;73(1):32-39. http://dx.doi. org/10.18241/0073-98552014731587
Sarno F, Claro RM, Levy RB, Bandoni DH, Monteiro CA. Estimativa de consumo de sódio pela população brasileira, 2008-2009. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47:571-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004418
Cunha NM, Frehner C, Zanini AC, Zaina FE, Matos CH, Bertacco RTA, et al. Contribution of ultra-processed foods consumption in sodium ingestion of atherosclerotic disease patients, residents in the southern region of Brazil. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019;32:140-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.03.014
O’Halloran SA, Grimes CA, Lacy KE, Nowson CA, Campbell KJ. Dietary sources and sodium intake in a sample of Australian preschool children. BMJ Open. 2016;6(2):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008698
Olmedo L, Henninga MF, García SM, Magalí Pellon-Maison M. Validación de un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria para estimar la ingesta de azúcares libres y alimentos ultraprocesados en población argentina. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet. 2022;26(2):137-46. https://10.14306/renhyd.26.2.1565
Latasa P, Louzada MLDC, Martinez Steele E, Monteiro CA. Added sugars and ultraprocessed foods in Spanish households (1990–2010). Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018;72(10):1404-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-017-0039-0
Kim Y, Je Y, Giovannucci EL. Association between dietary fat intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease,and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Clin Nutr. 2021;40:1060-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.07.007
Astrup A, Bertram HC, Bonjour JP, Groot LC, Oliveira Otto MC, Feeney EL, et al. WHO draft guidelines on dietary saturated and trans fatty acids: time for a new approach? BMJ. 2019;3:366:l4137. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj. l4137
Song P, Wu L, Guan W. Dietary nitrates, nitrites, and nitrosamines intake and the risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2015;7(12):9872-95. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7125505
Liu Y, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Cunningham TJ, Lu H, Croft JB. Prevalence of healthy sleep duration among adults - United States, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65(6):137-41. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr. mm6506a1
Costa BG, Chaput JP, Lopes MV, Costa RM, Malheiros LE, Silva KS. Association between Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Brazilian Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:7133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197133
Wu XY, Zhuang LH, Li W, Guo HW, Zhang JH, Zhao YK, et al. The influence of diet quality and dietary behavior on health-related quality of life in the general population of children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Qual Life Res. 2019;28:1989-2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02162-4
Sousa RDS, Bragança MLBM, Oliveira BR, Coelho CCNDS, Silva AAMD. Association between the Degree of Processing of Consumed Foods and Sleep Quality in Adolescents. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):462. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu12020462
Ruggiero E, Esposito S, Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Cerletti C, Donati MB, et al. Ultra-processed food consumption and its correlates among Italian children, adolescents and adults from the Italian Nutrition & Health Survey (INHES) cohort study. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24:6258-71. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021002767
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Adriana Luján BERTHOMIER RODRÍGUEZ, Nelly Jazmín DUARTE AMARILLA, Magalí María TRINIDAD RODRÍGUEZ, Beatriz Elizabeth NÚÑEZ MARTÍNEZ, Eliana Romina MEZA-MIRANDA
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.