Excessive maternal weight and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women of low socioeconomic status
Keywords:
Breast feeding, Obesity, PregnancyAbstract
Objective
To investigate the impact of excessive maternal weight on the early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding.
Methods
This is a longitudinal study including mother-infant dyads of low socioeconomic status receiving prenatal care in Health Care Centers in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A structured questionnaire was administered to women in the last trimester of pregnancy, including weight measurements. Another interview was conducted six months after delivery, and data on infant feeding practices were collected and maternal height was measured. Maternal nutritional status was assessed using body mass index values according to gestational age. Discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding before 4 months was considered a low duration rate.
Results
A total of 619 mother-infant dyads were evaluated. The prevalence of maternal overweight in the third trimester of pregnancy was 51%. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.0 months. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, no association between maternal overweight and early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding was identified. Maternal smoking was identified as a risk factor (1.23, 95%CI=1.13-1.35) for early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding.
Conclusion
Excessive maternal weight was not confirmed as a risk factor for early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding. However, women who reported being smokers had a higher risk of early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeedingthan those who did not smoke. This indicates the need for public health interventions to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy and in the postpartum period because of the deleterious effects of this habit on maternal and infant health.
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