Suco de laranja reduz o colesterol em indivíduos normolipidêmicos
Palavras-chave:
Colesterol, Colesterol-LDL, Lipoproteínas, SucoResumo
Objetivos
Neste estudo foi investigado o efeito do consumo habitual de suco de laranja no perfil dos lípides e lipoproteínas em homens e mulheres normolipidêmicos.
Métodos
Todos os voluntários (n=29) consumiram 750mL/dia de suco de laranja durante 60 dias. Variáveis bioquímicas como perfil lipídico, apolipoproteínas, glicose, paraoxonase1 e o tamanho de HDL foram medidas antes e após o período de suplementação com suco de laranja. Também foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e inquéritos dietéticos.
Resultados
O consumo crônico de suco de laranja reduziu significativamente o colesterol total nos homens (11%, p<0,05) e nas mulheres (10%, p<0,05) e o LDL-C nos homens e mulheres (15%, p<0,05). O HDL-C e a apoA-I também diminuíram, refletindo a redução do colesterol total. Os triacilgliceróis, apo B, PON1, tamanho da HDL, IMC, gordura corporal e circunferência abdominal não foram modificados com o tratamento com suco de laranja.
Conclusão
Neste estudo, mostrou-se que o suco de laranja apresenta propriedade redutora sobre o colesterol, e foi sugerido que a associação dos flavonóides cítricos com a vitamina C previne o estresse oxidativo e o desenvolvimento da aterosclerose.
Referências
Terao J. Dietary flavonoids as antioxidants. Forum Nutr. 2009; 61:87-94.
Vinson JA, Liang X, Proch J, Hontz BA, Dancel J, Sandone N. Polyphenol antioxidants in citrus juices: in vitro and in vivo studies relevant to heart disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002; 505:113-22.
Franke AA, Cooney RV, Henning SM, Custer LJ. Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of orange juice components in humans. J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(13):5170-78.
Rosa JM, Xian-Liu Z, Guthrie N. Effect of citrus flavonoids and tocotrienols on serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Atern Ther. 2007; 13(6):44-8.
Silalahi J. Anticancer and health protective properties of citrus fruit components. Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr. 2002; 11(1):79-84.
Benavente-Garcia O, Castillo J, Alcaraz M, Vicente V, Del Rio JA, Ortuño A. Beneficial action of citrus flavonoids on multiple cancer-related biological pathways. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2007; 7(8): 795-809.
Whitman SC, Kurowska EM, Manthey JA, Daugherty A. Nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid isolated from tangerines, selectively inhibits class A scavenger receptor-mediated metabolism of acetylated LDL by mouse macrophages. Atherosclerosis. 2005; 178(1):25-32.
Kurowska EM, Manthey JA. Hypolipidemic effects and absorption of citrus polymethoxylated flavones in hamsters with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. J Agric Food Chem. 2004; 52(10):2879-86.
Ghanim H, Mohanty P, Pathak R, Chaudhuri A, Sia AL, Dandona P. Orange juice or fructose intake does not induce oxidative and inflammatory response. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(6):1406-11.
Aptekmann NP, Cesar TB. Orange juice improved lipid profile and blood lactate of overweight middleaged women subjected to aerobic training. Maturitas. 2010 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Kurowska EM, Spence JD, Jordan J, Wetmore S, Freeman DJ, Piché LA, et al. HDL-cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72(5): 1095-100.
Bok SH, Lee SH, Park YB, Bae KH, Son KH, Jeong TS, et al. Plasma and hepatic cholesterol and hepatic activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutarylCoA reductase and Acyl CoA: cholesterol transferase are lower in rats fed citrus peel extract or a mixture of citrus bioflavonoids. J Nutr. 1999; 129(6):1182-5.
Knekt P, Kumpulainen J, Järvinen R, Rissanen H, Heliövaara M, Reunanen A, et al. Flavonoid intake and risk of chronic diseases. Am Clin Nutr 2002; 76(3):560-8.
Levine M, Rumsey SC, Daruwala R, Park JB, Wang Y. Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake. J Am Med Assoc 1999; 81(15):1415-23.
Helmersson J, Arnlöv J, Larsson A, Basu S. Low dietary intake of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid is associated with increased inflammatory and oxidative stress status in a Swedish cohort. Br J Nutr. 2009; 101(12):1775-82.
Engler MM, Engler MB, Malloy MJ, Chiu EY, Schloetter MC, Paul SM, et al. Antioxidants vitamins C and E improve endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Endothelial Assessment of Risk from Lipids in Youth (EARLY) Trial. Circulation. 2003; 108(9):1059-63.
Riso P, Visioli F, Gardana C, Grande S, Brusamolino A, Galvano F, et al. Effects of blood orange juice intake on antioxidant bioavailability on different markers related to oxidative stress. J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(4):941-7.
Sánchez-Moreno C, Cano MP, Ancos B, Plaza L, Olmedilla B, Granado F, et al. Effect of orange juice intake on vitamin C concentrations and biomarkers of antioxidant status in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 78(3):454-60.
Sánchez-Moreno C, Cano MP, Ancos B, Plaza L, Olmedilla B, Granado F, et al. High-pressurized orange juice consumption affects plasma vitamin C, antioxidative status and inflammatory markers in healthy humans. J Nutr. 2003; 133(7):2204-9.
Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Coleman R, Aviram M. Grape powder polyphenols attenuate atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E deficient (E0) mice and reduce macrophage atherogenicity. J Nutri. 2005; 135(4):722-8.
Getz GS, Reardon CA. Paraoxonase, a cardioprotective enzyme: continuing issues. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2004; 5(3):261-7.
James RW, Deakin SP. The importance of high- -density lipoproteins for paraoxonase-1 secretion, stability, and activity. Free Rad Biol & Med. 2004; 37(12):1986-94.
Rozenberg O, Rosenblat M, Coleman R, Shih DM, Aviram M. Paraoxonase (PON1) deficiency is associated with increased macrophage oxidative stress: studies in PON1-knockout mice. Free Rad Biol Med. 2003; 34(6):774-84.
Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Allison DB, Kotler DP, Ross R. Body mass index and waist circumference independently contribute to the prediction of nonabdominal, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 75(4):683-8.
Dâmaso AR. Métodos de avaliação da composição corporal. In: Nutrição e metabolismo na prevenção de doenças. Rio de Janeiro: Médica e Científica, 2001. p.125-52.
Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes research synthesis. Workshop Summary. Washington: National Academy Press; 2006, p.310.
Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972; 18(6): 499-502.
Lima ES, Maranhão RC. Rapid, simple laser-light- -scattering method for HDL particle sizing in whole plasma. Clin Chem. 2004; 50(6):1086-8.
Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. IV Diretrizes Brasileiras sobre Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose do Departamento de Aterosclerose da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007; 88(1):1-19.
Carr TP, Parks JS, Rudel LL. Hepatic ACAT activity in African green monkeys is highly correlated to plasma LDL cholesteryl ester enrichment and coronary artery atherosclerosis. Arteriosc Thrombosis. 1992; 12(11):1274-83.
Garcia ACDB, Bonifácio NP, Vendramine RC, César TB. Influência do suco de laranja nos lípides sanguíneos e na composição corporal de homens normais e com dislipidemia. Nutrire. 2008; 33(2): 1-11.
Kurowska EM, Borradaile NM, Spence JD, Carroll KK. Hypocholesterolemic effects of dietary citrus juices in rabbits. Nutr Res. 2000; 20(1):121-9.
Stanhope KL, Griffen SC, Bair BR, Swarbrick MM, Keim NL, Havel PJ. Twenty-four-hour endocrine and metabolic profiles following consumption of highfructose corn syrup-, sucrose-, fructose-, and glucose-sweetened beverages with meals. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008; 87(5):1194-203.
Sprecher DL, Pearce GL. Fiber-multivitamin combination therapy: a beneficial influence on low-density lipoprotein and homocysteine. Metabolism. 2002; 51(9):1166-70.
Bonifácio NP, César TB. Influência da ingestão crônica do suco de laranja na pressão arterial e composição corporal. Rev Bras Hipert. 2009, 16(2): 76-81.
Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature 2002; 420(6917):868-74.
Mooradian AD, Haas MJ, Wehmeier KR, Wong NC. Obesity-related changes in high-density lipoprotein metabolism. Obesity. 2008; 16(6):1152-60.
Cascieri MA. The potential for novel antiinflammatory therapies for coronary artery disease. Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery. 2002; 1(2):122-30.
Rosenblat M, Karry R, Aviram M. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a more potent antioxidant and stimulant of macrophage cholesterol efflux, when present in HDL than in lipoprotein-deficient serum: relevance to diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 2006; 187(1):74-81.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Thais Borges CÉSAR, Layane Urzedo RODRIGUES, Milena Salomão Peres de ARAÚJO, Nancy Preising APTEKMANN
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
