Antropometria como ferramenta de avaliação do estado nutricional coletivo de adolescentes
Palavras-chave:
Adolescente, Antropometria, Avaliação nutricional, Estado nutricional, Saúde coletivaResumo
A antropometria tem sido apontada como o parâmetro mais indicado para avaliar o estado nutricional coletivo. A avaliação nutricional coletiva de adolescentes possui uma dinâmica muito peculiar por se tratar de um momento de intensas mudanças fisiológicas e psicossociais, diretamente associadas à dinâmica nutricional deste grupo. O acompanhamento dessa dinâmica e de suas variáveis intervenientes e interativas é, portanto, um tema de discussão extremamente relevante. Esta revisão tem por objetivo apresentar as aplicações de parâmetros antropométricos à avaliação do estado nutricional de adolescentes. Conclui-se que, enquanto não houver metodologia simples de avaliação da composição corporal, para estudos epidemológicos deve-se manter o uso do índice de massa corporal, associado ou não às variáveis de dobra cutânea e perímetros. Apesar das dificuldades e limitações, as evidências apontam para uma fundamental incorporação das informações sobre a maturação sexual à avaliação do estado nutricional coletivo de adolescentes. Além disso, as investigações devem atentar mais aos parâmetros de definição da população que estará sendo estudada, cuidando, para permitir a comparação entre os estudos.
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