ASPECTOS NUTRICIONAIS DE FITATOS E TANINOS
Palavras-chave:
Fatores antinutricionais, Fitato, Polifenóis, Taninos, Disponibilidade biológica, Ácido fítico, Cereais, LegumesResumo
Os grãos de leguminosas contêm uma variedade de fatores antinutricionais que podem provocar efeitos fisiológicos adversos ou diminuir a biodisponibilidade de certos nutrientes. Danos crônicos leves devidos à prolongada ingestão de antinutrientes são muito difíceis de se avaliar. Como conseqüência, existem muitas controvérsias em estudos de biodisponibilidade in vivo a respeito da extrapolação de resultados de sistemas experimentais, para seres humanos que se alimentam com dietas complexas. O papel dos fatores antinutricionais tem sido rediscutido, em função de descobertas recentes que evidenciam o potencial de algumas dessas substâncias em exercer funções benéficas ao organismo humano. A habilidade do ácido fítico em atuar como anticarcinogênico, antioxidante e prestar contribuição nutricional no tratamento de diabetes, através da ação inibidora de a-amilases, são exemplos da diversidade de atuação dessas substâncias. Os taninos são antioxidantes, inibidores de determinadas enzimas e influenciam negativamente a digestibilidade de proteínas, no entanto, os seus efeitos em seres humanos ainda são desconhecidos.
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