Pelvic, anorectal and urinary symptoms according to the nutritional status of adult women: A cross-sectional study

Resumo

Objective
To review the occurrence of pelvic, anorectal and urinary symptoms according to the nutritional status of adult women.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study with 54 women, aged 18 to 35 years, divided into normal weight (<25kg/m2), overweight (25kg/m2to 29.99kg/m2) and obesity (≥30kg/m2) according to the body mass index. The presence ofpelvic floor muscle dysfunction symptoms was assessed by the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory and the impact of these symptoms by the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, with a significance level of 5%.

Results
Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory total score was 22.95 (SD=26.11) in the eutrophic group and 59.67 (SD=47.80) in the obesity group (p=0.01). Considering the scales, urinary symptoms were higher in obese women than in the eutrophic group (p=0.01). In the assessment of patients with each symptom, a difference (p<0.01) was observed in incomplete bowel emptying, in which the highest frequency occurred in overweight women (47.4%) compared to eutrophic and obese women (both 26.3%). Urinary incontinence symptoms (18.2% in eutrophic women, 27.3% overweight and 54.5% obese), stress urinary incontinence (8.3% eutrophic, 41.7% overweight and 50.0%, obese) and difficulty in emptying the bladder (0.0% eutrophic, 33.3% overweight and 66.7%obese) exhibited higher frequencies (p=0.03; p<0,01 and p=0.02, respectively) in obese women.

Conclusion
Symptoms of pelvic floor muscles dysfunction, especially urinary tract muscles, occur more frequently in obese adult women when compared to eutrophic women.