Strategies for the promotion of healthy, adequate and sustainable food in Brazil in times of Covid-19
Palavras-chave:
Coronavirus. Diet, food, and nutrition. Diet, healthy, Food production, Sustainable developmentResumo
The current scenario generated by the Covid-19 pandemic enhances the condition of food and nutrition insecurity due to the worsening of poverty, hunger and lack of access to food, as well as the excess consumption of foods considered unhealthy. The effects of the pandemic enhances the need for a new way of arranging the production, distribution and consumption of food, giving new meaning to the relationship between food, eating and the environment. Thus, it is suggested that a reflection be made on the strategies for the appropriate healthy, adequate and sustainable diet in Brazil to face this health emergency. Actions must be focused on the articulation of strategies that foster sovereignty, food and nutrition security and healthier and more sustainable food systems such as the strengthening of family farming; income assurance for the population; access to quality food; changes in the food environment; dissemination of information on healthy and sustainable food in official recommendations for the pandemic and food guides covering the entire food system, as well as food and nutrition education practices.
Referências
World Health Organization. Statement on the second meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Geneva: Organization; 2020 [cited 2020 Jun 3]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)
Grupo de Pesquisa em Relações Internacionais e Meio Ambiente. Covid-19 e emergência climática: conexões e desafios. 2020 Abr 17 [citado 6 ago 2020]. In: Le Monde Diplomatique Brasil. São Paulo: Diplomatique.org; 2020. Disponível em: https://diplomatique.org.br/covid-19-e-a-emergencia-climatica-conexoes-e-desafios/
Rodrigues PHA, Gerzson LC. A dimensão geopolítica da pandemia de coronavírus. Physis. 2020;30:e300209. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312020300209
Ventura DFL, Ribeiro H, Giulio GM, Jaime PC, Nunes J, Bógus CM, et al. Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic: for a Brazilian research agenda in global health and sustainability. Cad Saúde Pública. 2020;36:e00040620. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00040620
Oliveira TC, Abranches MV, Lana RM. (In)Segurança alimentar no contexto da pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Cad Saúde Pública. 2020;36(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00055220
Jaime PC. Pandemia de COVID19: implicações para (in)segurança alimentar e nutricional. Ciênc Saúde Colet. 2020;25:2504. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020257.12852020
Silva Filho OJ, Gomes Júnior NN. The future at the kitchen table: COVID-19 and the food supply Cad Saúde Pública. 2020;36(5). https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00095220
Jayawardena R, Misra A. Balanced diet is a major casualty in COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14:1085-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.001
Ribeiro-Silva RC, Santos MP, Campello T, Aragão, E, Guimarães, JMM, Ferreira A, et al. Implicações da pandemia COVID-19 para a segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2020 [citado 5 Ago 2020]. Disponível em: http://www.cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/implicacoes-da-pandemiacovid19-para-a-seguranca-alimentar-e-nutricional-no-brasil/17648?id=17648.
Preiss PV. Challenges facing the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: lessons from short food supply systems. Agr Hum Values. 2020;37:571-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-020-10062-4
Aquino EML, Silveira IH, Pescarini JM, Aquino R, Souza-Filho JA, Rocha AS, et al. Social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic: potential impacts and challenges in Brazil. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2020;25:2423-46. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020
Stephens EC, Martin G, Van Wijk M, Timsina J, Snow V. Editorial: Impacts of COVID-19 on agricultural and food systems worldwide and on progress to the sustainable development goals. Agric Syst. 2020;183:102873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102873
Bocchi CP, Porto EBD, Perini JHM, Rahal LS, Gonçalves RS, Moneta STG. A segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil diante da pandemia do novo coronavírus. Brasília: Associação Nacional dos Especialistas em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Governamental; 2020 [citado 10 Maio 2020]. Disponível em: http://anesp.org.br/todas-asnoticias/2020/5/19/a-segurana-alimentar-e-nutricional-no-brasil-diante-da-pandemia-do-novo-coronavrus
Bratanova B, Loughnan S, Klein O, Claassen A, Wood R. Poverty, inequality, and increased consumption of high calorie food: Experimental evidence for a causal link. Appetite. 2016;100:162-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.01.028
Arndt C, Davies R, Gabriel S, Harris L, Makrelov K, Robinson S, et al. Covid-19 lockdowns, income distribution, and food security: an analysis for South Africa. Glob Food Sec. 2020;26:100410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100410
United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition. Food Environments in the COVID-19 Pandemic: impacts and positive policy actions to deliver sustainable healthy diets for all. Rome: ONU; 2020 [cited 2020 June 15]. Available from: http://www.efad.org/media/1963/unscn-food-environments-in-the-covid19-pandemic.pdf.
Popkin BM, Reardon T. Obesity and the food system transformation in Latin America. Obes Rev. 2018;19:1028-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12694
Rauber F, Louzada MLC, Steele EM, Millett C, Monteiro CA, Levy RB. Ultra-processed food consumption and chronic non-communicable diseases-related dietary nutrient profile in the UK (2008-2014). Nutrients. 2018;10(5):587. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050587
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. ConVid Pesquisa de Comportamentos. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação; 2020 [citado 26 Jun 2020]. Disponível em: https://convid.fiocruz.br/index.php?pag=alimentacao.
Fabri RK. Aspectos simbólicos e sustentáveis sobre alimentação saudável em guias alimentares e na percepção de indivíduos adultos de Florianópolis [tese]. Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; 2020.
Martinelli SS, Cortese RDM, Cavalli SB. Contribuições de guias alimentares para uma alimentação saudável e sustentável. In: A Contribuição Brasileira à Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional sustentável. Porto Alegre: Editora da UFRGS; 2020.
Martinelli SS, Cavalli SB. Alimentação saudável e sustentável: uma revisão narrativa sobre desafios e perspectivas. Ciênc Saúde Colet. 2019;24:4251-62. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182411.30572017
Jones AD, Hoey L, Blesh J, Miller L, Green A, Shapiro LF. A systematic review of the measurement of sustainable diets. Adv Nutr. 2016;7:641-64. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.011015
Portilho F, Castañeda M, Castro IRR. A alimentação no contexto contemporâneo: consumo, ação política e sustentabilidade. Ciênc Saúde Colet. 2011;16:99-106. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232011000100014
Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins VJ, Baker PI, Bogard JR, et al.The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: The Lancet Commission Report. Lancet. 2019;393:791-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32822-8
High Level Panel of Experts. Nutrition and food systems: a report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security. Rome: High Level Panel of Experts; 2017 [cited 2019 Jun 2020]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7846e.pdf
El COVID-19 y la crisis en los sistemas alimentarios: síntomas, causas y posibles soluciones. Brussels: Panel Internacional de Expertos sobre Sistemas de Alimentación Sostenible; 2020 [cited 2020 July 5]. Available from: http://www.ipes-food.org/_img/upload/files/COVID-19_CommuniqueES%281%29.pdf
Torero M. Without food, there can be no exit from the pandemic: countries must join forces to avert a global food crisis from COVID-19. Nature. 2020;580:588-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01181-3
Mishra K, Rampal J. The COVID-19 pandemic and food insecurity: a viewpoint on India. World Dev. 2020;135:105068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105068
Schneider S. A presença e as potencialidades da Agricultura Familiar na América Latina e no Caribe. Redes. 2016;21:11-33. https://doi.org/10.17058/redes.v21i3.8390
Breitenbach R. Participação econômica das atividades de subsistência na agricultura familiar. Redes. 2018;23:53-68. https://doi.org/10.17058/redes.v23i1.6780
Pedroso MTM, Corcioli G, Foguesatto C. A crise do coronavírus e o agricultor familiar produtor de hortaliças. Gest Soc. 2020;14(34). https://doi.org/10.21171/ges.v14i39.3254
Fei S, Ni J, Santini G. Local food systems and COVID-19: an insight from China. Resour Conserv Recy. 2020;162:105022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105022
Carbone A. Food supply chains: coordination governance and other shaping forces. Agric Food Econ. 2017;5(3). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-017-0071-3
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fifteen years implementing the Right to Food Guidelines: reviewing progress to achieve the 2030 agenda. Rome: Organization; 2020 [cited 2020 Jun 18]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/3/ca6140en/ca6140en.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How COVID-19 spreads. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020 [cited 2020 Jun 15]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html
Pulighe G, Lupia F. Food first: COVID-19 outbreak and cities lockdown a booster for a wider vision on urban agriculture. Sustainability. 2020;12(12):5012. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125012
Lawson-Lartego L, Cohen MJ. 10 recommendations for African governments to ensure food security for poor and vulnerable populations during COVID-19. Food Security. 2020;12:899-902. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01062-7
Trovão CJBM. A pandemia da covid-19 e a desigualdade de renda no Brasil: um olhar macrorregional para a proteção social e os auxílios emergenciais. Natal: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; 2020 [citado 6 Ago 2020]. Disponível em: https://ccsa.ufrn.br/portal/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/TROV%C3%83O2020-PANDEMIA-E-DESIGUALDADE.pdf
Burlandy L. Construction of the food and nutrition security policy in Brazil: strategies and challenges in the promotion of intersectorality at the federal government level. Ciênc Saúde Coletva. 2009;14:851-60. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232009000300020
Assis SCR, Priore SE, Franceschini SCC. Impacto do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos na Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional dos agricultores. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2017;22:617-26. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-8 1232017222.02292015
Amorim ALB, Ribeiro-Júnior JRS, Bandoni DH. Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: estratégias para enfrentar a insegurança alimentar durante e após a COVID-19. Rev Adm Pública. 2020;54(4):1134-45. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200349
Sambuichi RHR, Almeida AFCS, Perin G, Spínola PAC; Pella AFC. O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) como estratégia de enfrentamento aos desafios da COVID-19. Rev Adm Pública. 2020;54(4):1079-96. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200258
Laguna L, Fiszman S, Puerta P, Chaya C, Tárrega A. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on food priorities: results from a preliminary study using social media and an online survey with Spanish consumers. Food Qual Prefer. 2020;86:104028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.104028
Szmuda T, Özdemir C, Ali S, Singh A, Syed MT, Słoniewski P. Readability of online patient education material for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a cross-sectional health literacy study. Public Health. 2020;185:21-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.041
Caponi S. Covid-19 no Brasil: entre o negacionismo e a razão neoliberal. Estud Av. 2020;34:209-24. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-4014.2020.3499.013
Ministério do Desenvolvimenro Social e Combate à Fome (Brasil) (editor). Marco de referência de educação alimentar e nutricional para as políticas públicas. Brasília: Ministério; 2012.
Sauer S. Interview with João Pedro Stédile, national leader of the MST Brazil. J Peasant Stud. 2020:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2020.1782892
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Suellen Secchi MARTINELLI, Suzi Barletto CAVALLI, Rafaela Karen FABRI, Marcela Boro VEIROS, Amélia Borba Costa REIS, Ligia AMPARO-SANTOS
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.