O efeito do chocolate amargo rico em polifenóis nos lipídios séricos em indivíduos saudáveis
Palavras-chave:
Glicemia, Pressão Arterial, Chocolate, Colesterol, CacauResumo
Objetivo
O presente estudo tem como objetivo examinar os efeitos do consumo de chocolate amargo no perfil lipídico sérico de indivíduos adultos saudáveis.
Métodos
O estudo foi realizado com 37 indivíduos no total, incluindo os grupos controle (n=20) e intervenção (n=17), por 4 semanas. Enquanto o grupo de intervenção consumiu 36g/dia de chocolate amargo (400mg de flavanol/dia), o grupo controle não recebeu nenhuma intervenção. No início e no final do estudo, algumas medidas antropométricas, pressão arterial e parâmetros bioquímicos do sangue (lipoproteína de baixa densidade, lipoproteína de alta densidade e colesterol total, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina A1c (HbA1c) e C- proteína reativa, glicemia de jejum) foram medidos, e durante o período de estudo o consumo alimentar de 3 dias e os registros de atividade física foram feitos a cada 15 dias.
Resultados
Ao final de quatro semanas, os níveis de peso corporal e índice de massa corporal do grupo de intervenção diminuíram (p<0,05). Além disso, LDL e colesterol total diminuíram no grupo de intervenção (respectivamente; -8,16mg/dl, -10mg/dl; p<0,05) e nenhuma alteração determinada no colesterol HDL (p>0,05). Enquanto um aumento é observado na glicemia evidente (p<0,05), não há diferença nos níveis de HbA1c e PCR (p>0,05). Da mesma forma, nenhuma alteração foi encontrada na pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica em ambos os grupos (p>005).
Conclusão
Concluiu-se que, o consumo de 36g/dia (400mg/dia de flavanol) por 4 semanas em indivíduos saudáveis pode reduzir o LDL e o colesterol total sem causar ganho de peso. Assim, o consumo de cacau como uma intervenção dietética tem um possível papel para diminuir o risco de doença cardiovascular como uma doença relacionada ao estilo de vida relacionada à idade. Estudos de longo prazo com amostras maiores são necessários.
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