O papel da alimentação consciente e da alimentação intuitiva na relação com a ortorexia nervosa em estudantes universitários
um estudo transversal
Palavras-chave:
Atitudes alimentares, Distúrbios alimentares, Alimentação intuitiva, Alimentação consciente, Ortorexia nervosaResumo
Objetivo
O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a relação entre o mindful eating, o comer intuitivo, as atitudes alimentares e a ortorexia nervosa em estudantes universitários.
Métodos
No presente estudo transversal, foram inscritos 320 estudantes (59,4% do sexo feminino). Foi realizado um questionário online que incluía características demográficas, Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11, Eating Attitudes Test-40, Intuitive Eating Scale-2nd edition e Mindful Eating Questionnaire. Adicionalmente, foram tomadas algumas medidas antropométricas (peso corporal, altura, circunferências da cintura e da anca) com a declaração dos participantes. Os dados foram analisados através do IBM®SPSS® 24.0.
Resultados
Nos participantes com ortorexia nervosa, as pontuações de “disciplina alimentar” e “interferência”, que são subfactores do Mindful Eating Questionnaire, foram mais elevadas do que naqueles que não possuíam ortorexia nervosa (p<0,05). Houve uma correlação negativa entre os escores do Mindful Eating Questionnaire e do Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11 (r = -0,137; p:0,014). Além disso, o aumento de um ponto nas pontuações do Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11 dos participantes levou a um aumento de 0,101 nas pontuações do Eating Attitudes Test-40 (B: 0,101, SE: 0,024, p<0,001) e a uma diminuição de 1,667 nas pontuações do Mindful Eating Questionnaire (B: -1,667, SE: 0,667, p:0,014). As pontuações do índice de massa corporal, do Eating Attitudes Test-40 e do Mindful Eating Questionnaire afetaram as pontuações do Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11 em 6,3% (R2: 0,063).
Conclusão
O estudo demonstrou uma correlação negativa entre as pontuações totais do Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11 e do Mindful Eating Questionnaire, enquanto que não foi encontrada qualquer correlação entre as pontuações do Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-11 e do Intuitive Eating Scale-2nd. No entanto, é necessário maior investigação para classificar a ortorexia nervosa como uma perturbação alimentar distinta e para estabelecer critérios de diagnóstico e tratamento.
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