Variações no consumo de bebidas em adultos brasileiros segundo o status de peso: análise dos Inquéritos Nacionais de Alimentação 2008-2009 e 2017-2018
Palavras-chave:
Adulto, Bebidas, Consumo alimentar, Status de pesoResumo
Objetivo
Avaliar as variações, entre 2008 e 2018, no consumo de bebidas de adultos brasileiros de acordo com o status de peso.
Métodos
Estudo do tipo painel que analisou dados de dois Inquéritos Nacionais de Alimentação referentes à população adulta (20 a 59 anos de idade) (2008-2008: n=21.003; 2017-2018: n=28.153), sendo os dados de consumo alimentar obtidos por um dia de registro alimentar e um dia de recordatório de 24 horas, respectivamente. As bebidas foram agrupadas em 11 grupos, para os quais foram estimadas a proporção de relato (%) e as médias diárias do volume ingerido (mL) e da contribuição (%) para a ingestão energética diária. O status de peso foi avaliado pelo Índice de Massa Corporal em sem excesso de peso, sobrepeso e obesidade.
Resultados
No período avaliado não foram observadas diferenças na proporção de adultos que relataram consumir alguma bebida (98,5% vs. 98,3%); porém, o volume médio diário (631,9mL vs. 535,1mL) e a contribuição calórica das bebidas (17,7% vs. 13,6%) reduziram. As bebidas mais citadas nos dois inquéritos foram café, sucos de frutas e refrigerantes.
Indivíduos sem excesso de peso e com sobrepeso apresentaram redução do relato e no volume médio consumido de café, refrigerantes, leite, bebidas lácteas e refrescos/sucos processados. Para indivíduos com obesidade, observouse redução no relato de consumo e no volume consumido de refrigerantes e leite.
Conclusão
No período de 10 anos entre os dois inquéritos, observou-se, na população adulta brasileira, redução do relato, volume médio e contribuição calórica média das bebidas em geral.
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