Avaliação dos hábitos alımentares de pré-escolar e atitudes dos pais
Palavras-chave:
Comportamento alimentar, Obesidade, Pré-escolarResumo
Objetivo
Este estudo observacional descritivo teve como objetivo investigar os comportamentos alimentares de crianças em idade pré-escolar e as atitudes dos pais.
Métodos
Foi utilizado um método de amostragem por conveniência para coletar dados sobre o comportamento alimentar de crianças com idades entre 3 e 6 anos. Foram aplicados um Formulário de Informações Pessoais e de Pais e o Inventário de Comportamento Alimentar Infantil, e a análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o programa IBM®SPSS® 16.0. O estudo contou com a participação de 206 pais fornecendo informações sobre as atitudes dos pais em relação à alimentação e os comportamentos alimentares das crianças na faixa etária de 3 a 6 anos.
Resultados
A amostra do estudo incluiu 206 pais de crianças com idades entre 3 e 6 anos, sendo a maioria das crianças com peso normal. As respostas dos pais às perguntas da pesquisa revelaram correlações significativas entre os percentis de peso das crianças e o nível educacional dos pais, índice de massa corporal materno e nível de renda. Comportamentos alimentares positivos nas crianças foram positivamente correlacionados com a idade e nível educacional dos pais, nível de renda, idade da criança e percentil de peso da criança, enquanto comportamentos alimentares negativos foram negativamente correlacionados com a idade dos pais, nível educacional, nível de renda e positivamente correlacionados com o índice de massa corporal materno. Foram observadas diferenças de gênero, com as crianças do sexo masculino apresentando pontuações médias mais baixas em comportamentos alimentares negativos, visões e comportamentos maternos, comportamento de preparação de alimentos infantis e situações negativas durante as refeições em comparação com as crianças do sexo feminino.
Conclusão
Demonstra-se que o nível educacional e o nível de renda dos pais estão relacionados ao comportamento alimentar positivo das crianças, enquanto estão inversamente associados ao comportamento alimentar negativo. Comportamentos alimentares negativos e comportamentos de preparação de alimentos foram menores em meninos em comparação com meninas.
Referências
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Parenting matters: supporting parents of children ages 0-8. Washington: The National Academies Press; 2016. https://doi.org/10.17226/21868
Stone RA, Blissett J, Haycraft E, Farrow C. Predicting preschool children’s emotional eating: The role of parents’ emotional eating, feeding practices and child temperament. Matern Child Nutr. 2022;18(3):e13341. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13341
Mahmood L, Flores-Barrantes P, Moreno LA, Manios Y, Gonzalez-Gil EM. The influence of parental dietary behaviors and practices on children’s eating habits. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1138. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041138
Sirasa F, Mitchell LJ, Rigby R, Harris N. Family and community factors shaping the eating behaviour of preschool-aged children in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review of interventions. Prev Med. 2019;129:105827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105827
Scaglioni S, Salvioni M, Galimberti C. Influence of parental attitudes in the development of children eating behaviour. Br J Nutr. 2008;99(S1):S22-S25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508892471
Silva GP, Almeida SS, Braga Costa TM. Family influence on the nutritional status and eating habits of six to nine year-old children. Rev Nutr. 2021;34:e200165. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202134e200165
Kostyrka-Allchorne K, Cooper PJ. Early childhood adversity and child and adolescent mental health: a systematic review. J Child Fam Stud. 2021;30(1):7-28.
Puhl RM, Latner JD. Parental weight and eating concerns: potential harms and recommended interventions. Curr Obes Rep, 2021;10(1),11-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00401-5
Pelly F, Lobo R, Thielking M, Matvienko-Sikar K. The relationship between parental concerns about child weight and eating behaviours and parental stress and anxiety: a cross-sectional study. Appetite. 2021;160:e105124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105124
Tschann JM, Martinez SM, Penilla C, Gregorich SE, Simon JA, Deardorff J. Parental feeding practices and child weight status in Mexican American families: a longitudinal analysis. Pediatrics. 2015;135(2):e221-e229. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1835
Archer LA, Rosenbaum PL, Streiner DL. The children’s eating behavior inventory: reliability and validity results. J Pediatr Psychol. 1991;16(5):629-42. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/16.5.629
Ünlü H. Adaptation of pre-school children’s eating behavior assessment scale to Turkish children [thesis]. Istanbul: Marmara University; 2011.
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Antropomethry Procedures Manual. Washington: Centers for Disease Control ans Prevention; 2007 [cited 2023 Jan 1]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes_07_08/manual_an.pdf
Wolfenden L, Finch M, Wyse R, Wiggers J, Yoong SL, Nathan N, et al. What is the impact of home food environments on eating behaviours and weight in children? A systematic review. Pediatri Obes. 2022;17(1):e12871.
Chen Y, Chen C, Li L, Yang Y. Influence of parental factors on preschool children’s eating behaviors in China: a cross-sectional study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):e561.
Nolan EJ, Kelly S, Tudur-Smith B, Jones C, Halford AJC, Robinson E. Portion size of meals for children in England based on parental perspectives: an online survey. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24(7):1813-23.
Scaglioni S, De Cosmi V, Ciappolino V, Parazzini F, Brambilla P, Agostoni C. Factors Influencing Children’s Eating Behaviours. Nutrients. 2018;10(6):706. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10060706
Liu L, Wang L, Chen X, Cai R, Liu L, Zhang Y. Parental influence on children’s healthy eating behavior: evidence from a cross-sectional study of elementary school students in China. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1-9.
Vepsäläinen H, Nevalainen J, Fogelholm M. Korkalo L, Roos E, Ray C, et al. Like parent, like child? Dietary resemblance in families. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018;15(62). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0693-1
Ogden CL, Carrol MD, Fakhouri TH, Hales CM, Fryar CD, Li X, et al. Prevalence of Obesity Among Youths by Household Income and Education Level of Head of Household – United States 2011-2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wky Rep. 2018;67:186-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6706a3
Jebeile H, Kelly AS, O’Malley G, Baur LA. Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology, causes, assessment, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(5):35165. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00047-X
Zamora-Kapoor A, Nelson EL. Parental feeding practices and childhood obesity in US Hispanic/Latino children: a systematic review. Appetite. 2022;169:105787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105787
Murtaugh MA, Herrick JS, Sweeney C, Baumgartner KB, Guiliano AR, Byers T, et al. Diet composition and risk of overweight and obesity in women living in the southwestern United States. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(9):1311-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.05.019
Wojcicki JM, Heyman MB. Maternal obesity, breastfeeding intention, and initiation among urban low-income women: a pilot study. Breastfeed Med. 2010;5(3):153-6. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2009.0058
Tan C, Chen C, Lin W, Kuo H. Association of parental obesity with childhood obesity: a nationwide, population-based cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(1):331.
Rhee KE, Kim J, Wong WW. Maternal BMI is a strong predictor of persistent child obesity: results from a 3-year longitudinal study. Pediatr Obes. 2020;15(1):e12581.
Pham BN, Silas VD, Okely AD, Pomat W. Breastfeeding Rate, Food Supplementation, Dietary Diversity Among Children Aged 6-59 Months, and Associated Factors in Papua New Guinea. Front Nutr. 2021;8:622645.
Barr-Anderson DJ, van den Berg P, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M. Characteristics associated with older adolescents who have a television in their bedrooms. Pediatrics. 2008;121(1):718-24.
Nakshine VS, Thute P, Khatib MN, Sarkar B. Increased screen time as a cause of declining physical, psychological health, and sleep patterns: a literary review. Cureus. 2022;14(10):e30051. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30051
Van Ekris E, Altenburg TM, Singh AS, Proper KI, Heymans MW, Chinapaw MJ. An evidence-update on the prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2016;17(9):833-49. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12426
Akbulut-Yuksel M, Kugler AD. Intergenerational effects of education on obesity, smoking, and drinking behaviors. J Hum Resour. 2019;54(2):346-74.
Gursoy C. The effects of television food advertising on children’s food behaviors: a national survey in Turkey. Turk J Pediatr. 2018;60(2):167-77.
Fisher JO, Karpyn A, Ueddin R, Grajeda R, Krantz DS. (2021). The effects of television viewing during mealtime on food intake in young children. Eating Beha. 2021;42:101502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101502
Emond JA, Longacre MR, Drake KM, Titus LJ, Hendricks K, MacKenzie T, et al. Influence of child-targeted fast food TV advertising exposure on fast food intake: a longitudinal study of preschool-age children. Appetite. 2019;140:134-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.012
Fatori D, Queiroz TB, Santos LM, Barros MB, Matijasevich A. Association between child behavioral problems and family income: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr, 2021;97(1):11-9.
Han S, Weiss B. (2017). Gender differences in childhood behavior disorders: areview of current research. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2017;46(4):492-516.
Youngstrom EA, Freeman L, Jenkins M. Gender differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children and adolescents. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2021;50(2):260-72.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Feyzanur ERDEM , Seçil ARICA
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.