Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale
Palabras clave:
Aged, Mental health, Psychological well-being, Reliability of results, Validation studyResumen
Objective
To obtain validity evidence and reliability estimates for the Brazilian version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale, the principal measure of older adults’ morale.
Method
Older adults (N = 338; M = 72.43; SD = 8.48) dwelling in the community or in long-term care institutions responded to measures of morale, quality of life and depressive symptoms.
Results
Confirmatory factor analysis attested that the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale ScaleBrazilian is three-dimensional with a second-order factor. The scale and factors showed adequate internal consistency. The measure also showed evidence of convergent validity with quality of life and the discriminant validity with depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale-Brazilian is a measure with good psychometric properties and is a promising tool for assessing Brazilians older adults’ morale.
Descargas
Citas
Almeida, O. P., & Almeida, S. A. (1999). Confiabilidade da versão brasileira da escala de depressão em geriatria (GDS) versão reduzida. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria, 57(2B), 421-426. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1999000300013
Almevall, A. D., Zingmark, K., Nordmark, S., Forslund, A.-S., & Niklasson, J. (2021). Accepting the inevitable: a mixed method approach with assessment and perceptions of well-being in very old persons within the northern Sweden Silver-MONICA study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 92, 104275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104275
Benito-León, J., Louis, E. D., Rivera-Navarro, J., Medrano, M. J., Vega, S., & Bermejo-Pareja, F. (2010). Low morale is associated with increased risk of mortality in the elderly: a population-based prospective study (NEDICES). Age and Ageing, 39(3), 366-373. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afq028
Bertolucci, P. H. F., Brucki, S. M. D., Campacci, S. R., & Juliano, Y. (1994). O mini-exame do estado mental em uma população geral: impacto da escolaridade. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria, 52(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001
Brucki, S. M. D., Nitrini, R., Caramelli, P., Bertolucci, P. H. F., & Okamoto, I. H. (2003). Suggestions for utilization of the mini-mental state examination in Brazil. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria, 61(3B), 777-781. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2003000500014
Cardoso, M. C. D. S., & Ferreira, M. C. (2009). Envolvimento religioso e bem-estar subjetivo em idosos. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, 29(2), 380-393. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1414-98932009000200013
Doseděl, T., Menšíková, T., & Vidovićová, L. (2020). Scaling Down the PGCM Scale to assess views on ageing more efficiently: finding a new alternative. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249414
Fleck, M. P., Chachamovich, E., & Trentini, C. (2006). Desenvolvimento e validação da versão em português do módulo WHOQOL-OLD. Revista de Saúde Pública, 40(5), 785-791. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102006000600007
Freitas, E. R., Barbosa, A. J. G., Reis, G. A., & Gomes, L. B. (2016). Bem-estar psicológico na clínica com idosos: avaliação e intervenção. In E. R. Freitas, A. J. G. Barbosa, & C. B. Neufeld (Orgs.), Terapias cognitivo-comportamentais com idosos (pp. 119-135). Sinopsys.
Hernández, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2020). International test commission guidelines for test adaptation: a criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390-398. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.306
Kinoshita, Y., Nakayama, C., Ito, N., Moriyama, N., Iwasa, H., & Yasumura, S. (2022). Subjective wellbeing and related factors of older adults nine and a half years after the great east Japan earth quake: a crosssectional study in the coastal area of Soma City. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2639. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052639
Klusmann, V., Notthoff, N., Beyer, A. K., Blawert, A., &Gabrian, M. (2020). The assessment of views on ageing: a review of self-report measures and innovative extensions. European Journal of Ageing, 17, 403-433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-020-00556-9
Kooshiar, H. R. N., Yahaya, N., Ando, M., Hamid, T. A., Samah, A. A., & Jou, V. S. (2012). Living arrangement and life satisfaction in older Malaysians: the mediating role of social support function. Plos One, 7(8), e43125. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043125
Kukihara, H., Yamawaki, N., Ando, M., Tamura, Y., Arita, K., & Nakashima, E. (2017). The mediating effects of resilience, morale, and sense of coherence between physical activity and perceived physical/mental health among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 26(4), 544-552. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2017-0265
Lawton, M. P. (1975). The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: a revision. Journal of Gerontology, 30(1), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/30.1.85
Liang, J., Asano, H., Bollen, K. A., Kahana, E. F., & Maeda, D. (1987). Cross-cultural comparability of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: an American-Japanese comparison. Journal of Gerontology, 42(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/42.1.37
Ma, L., Green, K. E., & Cox, E. O. (2009). Stability of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: a multidimensional item response model and Rasch analysis. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 29(4), 475-493. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464809339623
Marquez, D. X., Aguiñaga, S., Vásquez, P. M., Conroy, D. E., Erickson, K. I., Hillman, C., Stillman, C. M., Ballard, R. M., Sheppard, B. B., Petruzzello, S. J., King, A. C., & Powell, K. E. (2020). A systematic review of physical activity and quality of life and well-being. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 10(5), 1098-1109. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz198
McDowell, I. (2006). Measuring health: a guide to rating scales and questionnaires. Oxford University Press.
McNeish, D. (2018). Thanks coefficient alpha, we’ll take it from here. Psychological Methods, 23(3), 412-433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/met0000144
Melo, D. M. D., Barbosa, A. J. G., Castro, N. R. D., & Neri, A. L. (2020). Mini-Mental state examination in Brazil: an item response theory analysis. Paidéia, 30, e3014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-4327e3014
Miki, E., & Kawabata, R. (2020). Associations between occupational performance and quality of life, well-being, and instrumental activities of daily living in older adults. Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional, 28(4), 1117-1132. https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoAO2096
Näsman, M., Niklasson, J., Nygård, M., Olofsson, B., Lövheim, H., Gustafson, Y., & Nyqvist, F. (2020). Risk factors for a decrease in high morale in very old people over a 5-year period: data from two Nordic countries. European Journal of Ageing, 17(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-019-00521-1
Niemand, T., & Mai, R. (2018). Flexible cutoff values for fit indices in the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46(6), 1148-1172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-018-0602-9
Niklasson, J., Conradsson, M., Hörnsten, C., Nyqvist, F., Padyab, M., Nygren, B., Olofsson, B., Lövheim, H., & Gustafson, Y. (2015). Psychometric properties and feasibility of the Swedish version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale. Quality of Life Research, 24(11), 2795-2805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1009-4
Niklasson, J., Näsman, M., Nyqvist, F., Conradsson, M., Olofsson, B., Lövheim, H., & Gustafson, Y. (2017). Higher morale is associated with lower risk of depressive disorders five years later among very old people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 69, 61-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2016.11.008
Paúl, M. (1992). Satisfação de vida em idosos. Psycologica, 8, 61-80.
Pinar, R., & Oz, H. (2011). Validity and reliability of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale among Turkish elderly people. Quality of Life Research, 20(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-010-9723-4
Pourtaghi, F., Ramezani, M., Vashani, H. B., Hamedi, Z., & Moghadam, Z. E. (2019). Relationship between depression and social support and morale in the elderly. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, 6(4), 197-203. https://www.jnmsjournal.org/article.asp?issn=2345-5756;year=2019;volume=6;issue=4;spage=197;epage=203;aulast=Pourtaghi
Quiroz, C. O. A., García, J. J. V., Castro, S. B. E., Encinas, D. M. S., & García-Flores, R. (2013). Confiabilidad y validez del Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida (WHOQOL-OLD) en adultos mayores mexicanos. Psicología y Salud, 23(2), 241-250. https://doi.org/10.25009/pys.v23i2.505
Quiroz, C. O. A., García-Flores, R., & Echeverría-Castro, S. B. (2020). The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15): validation in Mexico and Disorder in the State of Knowledge. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 93(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091415020957387
Santana-Berlanga, N. R., Porcel-Gálvez, A. M., Botello-Hermosa, A., & Barrientos-Trigo, S. (2020). Instruments to measure quality of life in institutionalised older adults: systematic review. Geriatric Nursing, 41, 445-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.01.018
Tsubouchi, Y., Tainosho, A., Shimomura, K., Yorozuya, K., Kou, M., Tsubouchi, R., Tanaka, H., & Naito, Y. (2022). Reliability and validation of the Japanese version of the Patient Empowerment Scale. Healthcare, 10(6), 1151. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10061151
Vaske, J. J., Beaman, J., & Sponarski, C. C. (2017). Rethinking internal consistency in Cronbach’s alpha. Leisure Sciences, 39(2), 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2015.1127189
Xiao, L., & Hau, K.-T. (2023). Performance of Coefficient Alpha and its alternatives: effects of different types of non-normality. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 83(1), 5-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644221088240
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Altemir José Gonçalves Barbosa, Eduarda Rezende Freitas
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
