Work-family facilitation: mediating the relationship between practices of conciliation and job satisfaction
Keywords:
Social facilitation, Family, Job satisfactionAbstract
The present study explored the effect that the availability of conciliatory work and family practices on the part of organizations, has on the job satisfaction experienced by the workers. Moreover, this study examined the role that work-family facilitation plays as a mediator in the relationship between these variables. The data was gathered from 342 subjects, 171 couples, married or cohabiting, who responded to a survey. The respondents were employed in a wide variety of occupations and organizations. The results demonstrated that work-to-family facilitation explains a significant amount of unique variance associated with job satisfaction, over and above the variance explained by the practice of conciliation. The results support the hypothesis that work-to-family facilitation mediates
the relationship between the practices of conciliation and job satisfaction. In this way, the results underscore the important role that work-to-family facilitation plays in determining employees’ reactions, in terms of job satisfaction, to the practice offered by organizations of reconciling the work and family domains, thereby offering an explanation of the mechanism through which these practices have a positive impact on employee satisfaction.
Downloads
References
Allen, T. D. (2001). Family-supportive work environments: the role of organizational perceptions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58 (3), 414-435.
Aryee, S., Srinivas, E. S., & Tan, H. H. (2005). Rhythms of life: antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (1), 132-146.
Bakker, A. B., & Geurts, S. A. E. (2004). Towards a dual-process model of work-home interference. Work and Occupations, 31 (3), 345-366.
Baltes, B. B., Briggs, T. E., Huff, J. W., Wright, J. A., & Neuman, G. A. (1999). Flexible and compressed workweek schedules: a meta-analysis of their effects on work-related criteria. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84 (4), 496-513.
Barnett, R. C., & Hyde, J. S. (2001). Women, men, work, and family. American Psychologist, 56 (10), 781-796.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychology research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51 (6), 1173-1182.
Behson, S. J. (2002). Which dominates? The relative importance of work-family organizational support and general organizational context on employee outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61 (1), 53-72.
Bohen, H. H., & Viveros-Long, A. (1981). Balancing jobs and family life: do flexible schedules really help? Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Boyar, S. L., & Mosley, D. C. (2007). The relationship between core self-evaluations and work and family satisfaction: the mediating role of work-family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71 (2), 265-281.
Brayfield, A. H., & Rothe, H. F. (1951). An index of job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 35 (5), 307-311.
Brief, A. P., & Weiss, H. M. (2002). Affect in the workplace. Annual Review of Psychology, 53 (1), 279-307.
Butler, A., Gasser, M., & Smart, L. (2004). A social-cognitive perspective on using family-friendly benefits. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65 (1), 57-70.
Butler, A. B., Grzywacz, J. G., Bass, B. L., & Linney, K. D. (2005). Extending the demands-control model: a dialy diary study of Job characteristics, work-family conflict and work-family facilitation. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78 (1), 155-169.
Carlson, D., Kacmar, K., Wayne, J., & Grzywacz, J. (2006). Measuring the positive side of the work - family interface: development and validation of a work-family enrichment scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68 (1), 131-164.
Casper, W. J., & Buffardi, L. C. (2004). Work-life benefits and job pursuit intention: the role of anticipated organizational support. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65 (3), 391-410.
Clark, A. E. (1997). Job satisfaction and gender: why are women so happy at work? Labour Economics, 4 (4), 341-372.
Clark, S. C. (2001). Work cultures and work/family balance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58 (3), 348-365.
Eby, L., Casper, W., Lockwood, A., Bordeaux, C., & Brinley, A. (2005). Work and family research in IO/OB: content analysis and review of the literature (1980-2002). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66 (1), 124-197.
Ford, M. T., Heinen, B. A., & Langkamer, K. L. (2007). Work and family satisfaction and conflict: a meta-analysis of cross-domain relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92 (1), 57-80.
Frone, M. R. (2003). Work-family balance. In J. C. Quick & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp.143-162). Washington, DC: APA.
Greenhaus, J., Allen, T. D., & Spector, P. (2006). Health consequences of work-family conflict: the dark side of the work-family interface. Research in Occupational Stress and Well Being. Employee Health, Coping and Methodologies, 5, 61-98.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10 (1), 76-88.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Parasuraman, S. (1999). Research on work, family, and gender: current status and future directions. In G. N. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender and work (pp.391-412). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. N. (2006). When work and family are allies: a theory of work-family enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31 (1), 72-92.
Grover, S. L., & Crooker, K. J. (1995). Who appreciates family-responsive human resource policies: the impact of family-friendly policies on the organizational attachment of parents and non-parents. Personnel Psychology, 48 (2), 271-288.
Grzywacz, J. G. (2002). Toward a theory of work-family facilitation. Paper presented at the 32nd Annual Theory Construction and Research Methodology Workshop of the Persons; National Council on Family Relations, Houston, TX.
Grzywacz, J. G., & Butler, A. B. (2005). The impact of job characteristics on work-to-family facilitation: testing a theory and distinguishing a construct. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10 (1), 97-109.
Grzywacz, J. G., & Marks, N. F. (2000). Reconceptualizing the work-family interface: an ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5 (1), 111-126.
Harrison, D. A., Neuman, D. A., & Roth, P. L. (2006). How important are job attitudes? A meta-analytic comparisons of integrative behavioural outcomes and time sequences. Academy of Management Review, 49 (2), 305-325.
Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E., & Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction-job performance relationship: a qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127 (3), 376-407.
Marks, S. R. (1977). Multiple roles and role strain: some notes on human energy, time and commitment. American Sociological Review, 42 (6), 921-936.
Muse, L., Harris, S. G., Giles, W. F., & Field, H. S. (2008). Work-life benefits and positive organizational behavior: is there a connection? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29 (2), 171-192.
Parasuraman, S., & Greenhaus, J. H. (2002). Toward reducing some critical gaps in work-family research. Human Resource Management Review, 12 (3), 299-312.
Perrewé, P., & Hochwarter, W. (2001). Can we really have it all? The attainment of work and family values. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10 (1), 29-33.
Premeaux, S. F., Adkins, C. L., & Mossholder, K. W. (2007). Balancing work and family: a field study of multi-dimensional, multi-role work-family conflict. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28 (6), 705-727.
Riketta, M. (2008). The causal relation between job attitudes and performance: a meta-analysis of panel studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93 (2), 472-481.
Scandura, T., & Lankau, M. (1997). Relationships of gender, family responsabiliy and flexible work hours to organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18 (4), 377-391.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfilment New York: Free Press.
Shockley, K. M., & Allen, T. D. (2007). When flexibility helps: another look at the availability of flexible work arrangements and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71 (3), 479-493.
Sieber, S. D. (1974). Toward a theory of role accumulation. American Sociological Review, 39 (4), 567-578.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: application assessment, cause and consequences London: Sage.
Thomas, L. T., & Ganster, D. C. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: a control perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80 (1), 6-15.
Thompson, C. A., Beauvais, L. L., & Lyness, K. S. (1999). When work-family benefits are not enough: the influence of work-family culture on benefit utilization, organizational attachment, and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54 (3), 392-415.
Voydanoff, P. (2004). Implications of work and community demands and resources for work-to-family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 9 (4), 275-285.
Wayne, J., H., Musisca, N., & Fleeson, W. (2004). Considering the role of personality in the work-family experience: relationships of the big five to work-family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64 (1), 108-130.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Maria José CHAMBEL, Marina Veríssimo dos SANTOS
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.