Evaluation of an anti-bullying intervention in the school context

Authors

Keywords:

Adolescence, Bullying, Prevention

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an anti-bullying intervention carried out with adolescents from public schools.
Method
A longitudinal, quasi-experimental design was used, with pre-test and immediate post-test evaluations. A sociodemographic questionnaire, Cartoon Test, KIDSCREEN-52, and Social Support Appraisals were used. The intervention had four editions and consisted of eight weekly meetings, amounting to 16 hours. A total of 69 adolescents (12-17 years) participated in the study, 40 of which were allocated to the Experimental Group and 29 to the Control Group.
Results
After the intervention, the Experimental Group demonstrated improvements in the adolescents’ perception of bullying, quality of life, and social support. The intergroup analysis indicated a better perception of bullying for the Experimental Group.
Conclusion
From the data, it can be concluded that the intervention demonstrated its effectiveness and has the potential to be replicated in the school context.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Barzilay, S., Brunstein, K. A., Apter, A., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., & Hadlaczky, G. (2017). Bullying victimization and suicide ideation and behavior among adolescents in Europe: a 10-Country Study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61, 179-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.02.002

Bonell, C., Allen, E., Warren, E., McGowan, J., Bevilacqua, L., Jamal, F., Legood, R., Wiggins, M., Opondo, C., Mathiot, A., Sturgess, J., Fletcher, A., Sadique, Z., Elbourne, D., Christie, D., Bond, L., Scott, S., & Viner, R. M. (2018). Effects of the Learning Together Intervention on bullying and aggression in English secondary schools (INCLUSIVE): a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 392(10163), 2452-2464. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31782-3

Borges, A., Matos, M. G., & Diniz, J. A. (2011). Processo adolescente e saúde positiva: âmbitos afectivo e cognitivo. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 24(2), 281-291. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722011000200009

Chapman, R. L., Buckley, L., Sheehan, M. C., Shochet, I. M., & Romaniuk, M. (2011). The impact of school connectedness on violent behavior, transport risk-taking behavior, and associated injuries in adolescence. Journal of School Psychology, 49(4), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2011.04.00

Durgante, H., & Dell’Aglio, D. D. (2018). Critérios metodológicos para a avaliação de programas de intervenção em Psicologia. Avaliação Psicológica, 17(1), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.15689/ap.2017.1701.15.13986

El Achkar, A. M. N., Leme, V. B. R., Soares, A. B., & Yunes, M. A. M. (2017). Risco e proteção de estudantes durante os anos finais do ensino fundamental. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 21(3), 417-426. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-3539/2017/021311151

Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Franco, G. R., & Rodrigues, M. C. (2014). Programas de intervenção na adolescência: considerações sobre o desenvolvimento positivo do jovem. Temas em Psicologia, 22(4), 677-690. https://doi.org/10.9788/TP2014.4-01

Garaigordobil, M., Mollo-Torrico, J. P., & Larrain, E. (2019). Prevalencia de bullying y cyberbullying en Latinoamérica: una revisión. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología, 11(3), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.33881/2027-1786.rip.11301

Gouveia, P., Leal, I., & Cardoso, J. (2017). Bullying e agressão: estudo dos preditores no contexto de programa de intervenção da violência escolar. Psicologia, 31(2), 69-87. https://doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v31i2.1116

Guedes, D. P., & Guedes, J. E. P. (2011). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the KIDSCREEN-52 for the Brazilian population. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 29(3), 364-371. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822011000300010

Juvonen, J., Schacter, H. L., Sainio, M., & Salmivalli, C. (2016). Can a school-wide Bullying Prevention Program improve the plight of victims? Evidence for risk x intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(4), 334-344. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000078

Kaufman, T. M., Kretschmer, T., Huitsing, G., & Veenstra, R. (2018). Why does a universal anti-bullying Program not help all children? Explaining persistent victimization during an intervention. Prevention Science, 19, 822-832. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-018-0906-5

Levitt, H. M., Bamberg, M., Creswell, J. W., Frost, D. M., Josselson, R., & Suárez-Orozco, C. (2018). Journal article reporting standards for qualitative primary, qualitative meta-analytic, and mixed methods research in psychology: the APA publications and communications board task force report. American Psychologist, 73(1), 26-46. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000151

Lisboa, C. S. M., Horta, C. L., Weber, J. L. A., & Almeida, L. (2014). Mitos e fatos sobre bullying. In C. S. M. Lisboa, G. W. Wendt, & J. R. Pureza (Eds.), Mitos e fatos sobre bullying: orientações para pais e profissionais (pp. 15-27). Sinopsys.

Lopes, A. L. M., Silva, S. A., Castro, D. F. A., Bógus, C. M., & Fracolli, L. A. (2013). Evaluation of programs, services and technologies from the health promotion perspective: a theoretical reflection. Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde, 26(4), 590-594. https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2013.p590

Martínez-González, R. A., Rodríguez-Ruiz, V., Álvarez-Blanco, L., & Becedóniz-Vázquez, C. (2016). Evidence in promoting positive parenting through the program-guide to develop emotional competences. Psychosocial Intervention, 25(2), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psi.2016.04.001

Martín-Quintana, J. C., Chaves, M. L. M., López, M. J. R., Byme, S., Ruiz, B. R., & Suárez, G. R. (2009). Programas de educación parental. Intervención Psicosocial, 18(2), 121-133.

Mello, F. C. M., Silva, J. L., Oliveira, W. A., Prado, R. R., Malta, D. C., & Silva, M. A. I. (2017). The practice of bullying among Brazilian schoolchildren and associated factors, National School Health Survey 2015. Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 22(9), 2939-2948. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017229.12762017

Moore, B., Woodcock, S., & Dudley, D. (2019). Developing wellbeing through a randomised controlled trial of a martial arts based intervention: an alternative to the anti-bullying approach. International Journal Environmental Research Public Health, 16(81), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010081

Oliveira, W. A., Silva, J. L., Fernandez, J. E. R., Santos, M. A., Caravita, S. C. S., & Silva, M. A. I. (2020). Family interactions and the involvement of adolescents in bullying situations from a bioecological perspective. Estudos de Psicologia, 37, e180094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202037e180094

Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school. Blackwell Publishing.

Olweus, D., Solberg, M. E., & Breivik, K. (2020). Long-term school-level effects of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP). Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 61, 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12486

Ortega-Barón, J., Buelga, S., Ayllón, E., Martínez-Ferrer, B., & Cava, M. J. (2019). Effects of Intervention Program Prev@cib on traditional bullying and cyberbullying. International Journal Environmental Research Public Health, 16(527), 2-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040527

Pereira, V. R., Coimbra, V. C. C., Cardoso, C. S., Oliveira, N. A., Vieira, A. C. G, Nobre, M. O., & Nino, M. E. L. (2016). Metodologias participativas em pesquisa com crianças: abordagens criativas e inovadoras. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, 37, e67908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2016.esp.67908

Presidência da República (Brasil). (2015). Lei nº 13.185, de 6 de novembro de 2015. Institui o Programa de Combate à Intimidação Sistemática (Bullying). Diário Oficial da União. https://www.in.gov.br/web/dou/-/lei-n-13-185-de-6-de-novembro-de-2015-30174702

Presidência da República (Brasil). (2018). Lei nº 13.663, de 14 de maio de 2018. Altera o art. 12 da Lei nº 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996, para incluir a promoção de medidas de conscientização, de prevenção e de combate a todos os tipos de violência e a promoção da cultura de paz entre as incumbências dos estabelecimentos de ensino. Brasil. Diário Oficial da União. http://www2.camara.leg.br/legin/fed/ lei/2018/lei-13663-14-maio-2018-786678-publicacaooriginal-155555-pl.html

Riekert, K. A., Ockene, J. K., & Pbert, L. (Eds.). (2014). The handbook of health behavior change. Spring. (Original work published 1990)

Santana, J. P., & Avanzo, J. R. (2014). Infância e direitos: o uso de metodologias participativas em contexto de acolhimento institucional. Revista Subjetividades, 14(2), 306-318.

Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: using the new Positive Psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive Psychology: an introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5

Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive Psychology progress: empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60, 410-421. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.60.5.410

Senkevics, A. S., & Carvalho, M. P. (2015). Home, street, school: gender and schooling in urban popular sectors. Cadernos de Pesquisa, 45(158), 944-968. https://doi.org/10.1590/198053143364

Shaughnessy, J. J., Zechmeister, E. B., & Zechmeister, J. S. (2012). Research methods in psychology (9th ed.). McGraw Hill.

Silva, B. R. V., Silva, A. O., Passos, M. H. P., Soares, F. C., Valença, P. A. M., Menezes, V. A., Colares, V., & Santos, C. F. B. F. (2018). Negative self-perceived health associated with school violence in adolescents. Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 23(9), 2909-2916. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018239.12962018

Silva, C. R., Veiga, F., Pinto, E. S., & Ribas, A. (2017). Envolvimento dos alunos na escola e suas perceções acerca do apoio parental. Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación, 5, 28-32. https://doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2017.0.05.2189

Silva, J. L., Oliveira, W. A., Carlos, D. M., Lizzi, E. A. S., Rosário, R., & Silva, M. A. I. (2018). Intervention in social skills and bullying. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 71(3), 1150-1156. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0151

Smith, P. K. (2011). Why interventions to reduce bullying and violence in schools may (or may not) succeed: comments on this special section. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35(5), 419-423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025411407459

Smith, P. K. (2014). Understanding school bullying: its nature and prevention strategies. Sage.

Smith, P. K. (2019). Introduction. In P. K. Smith (Ed.), Making an impact on school bullying: interventions and recommendations (pp. 1-22). Routledge.

Smith, P. K., Sundaram, S., Sandhu, D., Blaya, C., Schäfer, M., & Spears, B. (2018). Introduction. In P. K. Smith, S. Sundaram, B. A. Spears, C. Blaya, M. Schäfer, & D. Sandhu (Eds.), Bullying, cyberbullying and student well-being in schools: comparing European, Australian and Indian perspectives (pp. 3-25). Cambridge University. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316987384

Snyder, C. R., & Lopes, S. J. (2009). Psicologia positiva: uma abordagem científica e prática das qualidades humanas. Artmed.

Squassoni, C. E., & Matsukura, T. S. (2014). Adaptação transcultural da versão portuguesa Social Support Appraisals para o Brasil. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 27(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722014000100009

Yang, C., Sharkey, J. D., Reed, L. A., Chen, C., & Dowdy, E. (2018). Bullying victimization and student engagement in elementary, middle, and high schools: moderating role of school climate. Social Psychology Quarterly, 33(1), 54-64. https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000250

Published

2023-10-23

How to Cite

FERNANDES , G., & DELL’AGLIO, D. D. (2023). Evaluation of an anti-bullying intervention in the school context. Psychological Studies, 40. Retrieved from https://periodicos.puc-campinas.edu.br/estpsi/article/view/10093

Issue

Section

SCHOOL AND EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY