Epilepsia e espiritualidade/religiosidade
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https://doi.org/10.24220/2318-0897v19n1/6a832Palabras clave:
Epilepsia, Espiritualidade, ReligiãoResumen
As implicações da espiritualidade/religiosidade na saúde vêm sendo estudadas e documentadas cientificamente. A relação entre epilepsia e espiritualidade/religiosidade está presente na história da humanidade e também tem sido alvo de investigação em décadas recentes. Este estudo utilizou as bases de dados e Lilacs e MedLine, a partir da busca com os descritores spirituality AND epilepsy, e com religious AND epilepsy, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, em artigos publicados no período de 1997 a 2009. São apresentados nesta revisão, de forma sistemática, os achados dos estudos, distribuídos em cinco tópicos: 1) aspectos históricos da relação entre epilepsia e espiritualidade/religiosidade; 2) experiência religiosa ictal e pós-ictal na epilepsia de lobo temporal; 3) hiper-religiosidade e epilepsia do lobo temporal; 4) experiência religiosa, crise epiléptica e bases neurais; 5) qualidade de vida e espiritualidade/religiosidade. Historicamente a epilepsia tem sido ligada a preconceitos relacionados a interpretações religiosas acerca da gênese das crises epilépticas. Experiências religiosas ou hiper-religiosidade têm sido descritas em cerca da 10% dos pacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal. A base neural dessas experiências religiosas não está bem definida, mas estruturas dos lobos temporais parecem ter uma participação importante. Esta revisão mostra, na avaliação de pessoas com epilepsia, a importância de uma perspectiva integrada, de cunho biopsicossocial, na qual aspectos religiosos podem ser relevantes.
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