Memoria de trabajo, retraso mental y dificultades de aprendizaje
Palavras-chave:
Retraso Mental, Inteligencia, Memoria de Trabajo, Dificultad de AprendizajeResumo
La memoria de trabajo se refiere al uso de mecanismos de almacenamiento temporal de Ia información al resolver tareas cognitivamente exigentes. Los estudios a ese respecto muestran que Ias diferencias individuales en ese mecanismo estarían vinculadas con Ias medidas clásicas de Ia inteligencia. En el presente análisis intentase explicar que Ias diferencias individuales en Ia memoria de trabajo pueden obedecer, entre otras cosas, a Ias diferencias en los procesos cognitivos básicos como Ia velocidad de identificación de elementos informativos o, en Ia producción de estrategias como el uso de repaso. Este presupuesto sería válido para los casos de discapacidad cognitiva. Pero, Ia cuestión sobre Ia naturaleza -si unitaria o específica- de Ia memoria de trabajo permanece sin respuesta.
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