Clinical manifestations of dengue fever in children during an outbreak in the region of Campinas (SP), Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24220/2318-0897v19n1/6a825Keywords:
Child, Dengue, Symptoms, clinical, Disease outbreakAbstract
Objective
This study described the clinical manifestations and analyzed the laboratory
findings indicative of dengue fever in the Reference Pediatric Emergency Unit of
the Universidade Estadual de Campinas Clinics Hospital during an epidemic in the region from January 2007 to March 2008.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was done of 231 patients with suspicion of dengue fever
aged 0 to 15 years. The cases were divided into two groups, confirmed or not,
using serology and/or rapid test or clinical epidemiological criteria during the
epidemic. Clinical and laboratory variables were processed and compared between
the groups by the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.0 and by
the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t-test and univariate logistic
regression, with the significance level set at p<0.05.
Results
Dengue fever was confirmed in 156 patients: 115 (73.7%) by clinical and
epidemiological criteria, 20 (12.8%) by serology, 11 (7.1%) by rapid test and 10
(6.4%) by both. The group with dengue fever had higher mean age, complained
more of prostration, head ache and rash and less of diarrhea and abdominal
pain, requiring less intravenous fluids and hospitalization. The dengue fever
group also presented higher mean hematocrit and lower mean leucocyte and
platelet counts. Only one patient presented the symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic
fever. Two patients died, one of sepsis and one of Brazilian spotted fever.
Conclusion
In the studied population, the clinical signs suggestive of dengue fever were:
age, prostration, head ache and rash; diarrhea and abdominal pain were
uncommon. The complete blood count of the patients presented significant
changes. There were few severe cases, one of dengue hemorrhagic fever and two
deaths, but dengue fever was not confirmed as the cause of death.
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